起源空间望远镜系统的低温制冷技术  

Cryogenic Refrigeration Technology for Origins Space Telescope System

作　　者：谢芳 张安阔 余文辉 谢晶[1,2,3,4] XIE Fang;ZHANG Ankuo;YU Wenhui;XIE Jing(College of Food Sciences and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation,Shanghai 201306,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing&Preservation,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海水产品加工及贮藏工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海冷链装备性能与及节能评价专业技术服务平台,上海201306 [4]食品科学与工程国家级实验教学示范中心(上海海洋大学),上海201306

出　　处：《红外技术》2025年第2期179-192,共14页Infrared Technology

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目(24ZR1428800)。

摘　　要：低温制冷技术是空间红外望远镜的一项重要技术,起源空间望远镜(OST)是用于未来探索宇宙起源的中远红外空间望远镜。概述了空间红外望远镜低温制冷技术发展历程。综述了OST制冷系统的发展现状。对国内外未来可用于OST制冷系统的绝热去磁制冷机(CARDs)及多种机械制冷机(透平布雷顿制冷机,多级脉冲管制冷机,多级制冷机预冷的J-T制冷机)的发展现状进行了综述与分析,并给出其不同特点,为我国后续空间红外望远镜的发展提供了一定参考。Cryogenic refrigeration technology is important for space infrared astronomical telescopes.This article summarizes the development history of cryogenic refrigeration technology for space infrared astronomical telescopes,and the developmental status of the cryogenic system for the Origins Space Telescope(OST)is reviewed.The OST is a planned mid-and far-infrared space telescope to explore the origin of the universe.To achieve normal in-orbit operation,a combination of mechanical cryocoolers and adiabatic demagnetization must be used to maintain a low-temperature working environment.This review and analysis of the development status of adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators(CARDs)and various mechanical cryocoolers(e.g.,turbine Brayton cryocooler,multi-stage pulse tube cryocooler,and J-T cryocooler precooled by multi-stage cryocooler)at home and abroad,introducing their different characteristics,will provide some references for the development of our country’s infrared space telescopes in the future.

关 键 词：起源空间望远镜 空间红外望远镜 低温制冷技术 机械制冷机 绝热去磁 

分 类 号：V423.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]