甘肃省60岁及以上老年人慢性病共病现状及影响因素研究  

The Current Status and Influencing Factors of Multiple Chronic Conditions among the Elderly Aged 60 and above in Gansu Province

作　　者：朱先尚 曾泓钰 吕凤丽 王建成[2,4] ZHU Xianshang;ZENG Hongyu;LYU Fengli;WANG Jiancheng(First Clinical Medical College,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Department of General Medicine,Gansu Provincial Hospital,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Public Health Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Health Vocational College,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市730000 [2]甘肃省人民医院全科医学科,甘肃省兰州市730000 [3]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃省兰州市730000 [4]甘肃卫生职业学院,甘肃省兰州市730000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2025年第10期1193-1199,1206,共8页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72264002);中国医药教育协会重大项目(2022KTZ010);甘肃省人民医院院内科研基金项目(22GSSYD-54)。

摘　　要：背景随着我国人口老龄化进程的加速,老年慢性病共病现象愈发普遍。这不仅严重影响老年人的生活质量,还给家庭和社会带来沉重负担。甘肃省是西北地区人口老龄化程度较高的省份,亟须关注老年人慢性病共病问题。目的了解甘肃省老年人慢性病共病现状及影响因素,为甘肃省慢性病共病防治和管理提供参考依据。方法于2023-07-15至2023-08-10,采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法在甘肃省抽取20000名≥60岁的老年人进行问卷调查。问卷由课题组自行设计,主要调查老年人的15种常见慢性病患病情况及其人口学特征和家庭情况等。最终回收有效问卷19038份,问卷有效回收率为95.19%。结果甘肃省老年人的慢性病患病率为74.78%(14236/19038),慢性病共病发生率为38.97%(7419/19038)。患病率排在前6位的慢性病依次为高血压[9693名(50.91%)]、关节炎或风湿病[3648名(19.16%)]、心脏病[3418名(17.95%)]、糖尿病或血糖升高[3033名(15.93%)]、慢性肺部疾病[1645名(8.64%)]、脑卒中[1548名(8.13%)]。常见的共病组合模式均与高血压相关,排在首位的二元共病模式为高血压+糖尿病或血糖升高[2112名(11.09%)],排在首位的三元共病模式为高血压+糖尿病或血糖升高+心脏病[532名(2.79%)]。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、民族、退休前职业、配偶情况、子女数量、与子女关系、自评健康状况、自评生活满意度、孤独感是老年人发生慢性病共病的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论甘肃省老年人慢性病共病发生率低于全国平均水平,女性、高龄、藏族、退休前有职业、与子女关系一般、自评健康一般/差、自评生活满意度一般的老年人发生慢性病共病的风险更高,有配偶、子女数量较少、无孤独感的老年人发生慢性病共病的风险较低。相关部门应重点关注老年人常见慢性病共病的防治和管理,及时干预可变危险因�Background With the acceleration of population aging in my country,the multiple chronic conditions in the elderly has become increasingly common.This not only seriously affects the quality of life of the elderly,but also places a heavy burden on families and society.Gansu is a province with a relatively high aging population in the northwest region,and it is urgent to pay attention to the multiple chronic conditions among the elderly.Objective In order to understand the current status and influencing factors of multiple chronic conditions among the elderly in Gansu Province,and provide a reference basis for the prevention,treatment and management of multiple chronic conditions in Gansu Province.Methods From 2023-07-15 to 2023-08-10,a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 20000 elderly people aged≥60 years old in Gansu Province for a questionnaire survey.The questionnaire was designed by the research team itself and mainly investigated the prevalence of 15 common chronic diseases among the elderly,as well as their demographic characteristics and family circumstances.In the end,19038 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 95.19%.Results The prevalence rate of chronic diseases among the elderly in Gansu Province was 74.78%(14236/19038),and the incidence rate of multiple chronic conditions was 38.97%(7419/19038).The top six chronic diseases with the highest prevalence were hypertension[9693(50.91%)],arthritis or rheumatism[3648(19.16%)],and heart disease[3418(17.95%)],diabetes or elevated blood sugar[3033(15.93%)],chronic lung disease[1645(8.64%)],stroke[1548(8.13%)].Common comorbidity combination patterns are all related to hypertension.The top-ranked binary comorbidity pattern is hypertension+diabetes or elevated blood sugar[2112(11.09%)],and the top-ranked ternary comorbidity pattern is hypertension+diabetes or elevated blood sugar+heart disease[532(2.79%)].The results of multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that gender

关 键 词：慢性病共病 老年人 患病率 共病模式 影响因素分析 甘肃 

分 类 号：R36[医药卫生—病理学] R161[医药卫生—基础医学]