基于“精盈气盛、气盛神全”论治注意缺陷多动障碍  

Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on the theory of“when essence is abundant,qi is exuberant,and when qi is exuberant,the spirit is stable”

作　　者：梁敬 袁振华 都宣宏 李园 胡萧剑 黄瑞麟 王俊宏[1] LIANG Jing;YUAN Zhenhua;DU Xuanhong;LI Yuan;HU Xiaojian;HUANG Ruilin;WANG Junhong(Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100700)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京100700

出　　处：《现代中医临床》2025年第1期53-57,共5页Modern Chinese Clinical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.82274581);北京中医药大学基本科研业务费揭榜挂帅项目(No.2023-JYB-JBZD-011)。

摘　　要：注意缺陷多动障碍是一种常见的慢性神经发育障碍,主要表现为与发育水平不相称的注意缺陷和(或)多动冲动。张景岳在《类经》中云“精盈则气盛,气盛则神全”,揭示了健康之本元在于精盈、气畅、神宁。“精气神”理论是中医理论体系的核心,基于此理论,认为本病的核心病机为精不足、气不调、神不使。其中精不足者而病生,精少生血无源,心脑不荣;气不调者易生变,五脏气机不畅则易变生他病;神不使为难愈,五神不宁则疾病迁延难愈。治疗上提出填精髓、畅气机、御神魂为原则,使气血调、阴阳和,则疾病自愈。结合典型病例对治疗注意缺陷多动障碍的诊疗思路与用药经验进行介绍。Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a common chronic neurodevelopmental disorder,which is mainly manifested as attention deficit and/or hyperactivity that are not commensurate with the level of development.In Leijing(The Classified Classic),Zhang Jingyue stated,“when essence is abundant,qi is exuberant,and when qi is exuberant,the spirit is stable.”This reveals that the foundation of health lies in abundant essence,exuberant qi,and stable spirit.The theory of“Essence,Qi and Spirit”is the core of the theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Based on this theory,it is believed that the core pathogenesis of this disease is deficiency of essence,disharmony of qi and failure of the spirit to function properly.If the essence is insufficient,illnesses will arise.With less essence,there will be no source for blood,and the heart and brain will not be nourished.If the qi is not well-regulated,it is easy to have abnormal conditions.If the qi flow in the five organs is not smooth,other diseases may arise.If the spirit is not under control,it will be difficult to cure the illness.If the five spirits are not at peace,the illness will be prolonged and difficult to cure.The treatment principle is to fill the essence,smooth the qi movement,and guard the spirit.By making the blood and qi balanced and the yin and yang harmonious,the illness will heal on its own.Combined with typical cases,the diagnosis and treatment ideas and medication experience of ADHD were introduced in this paper.

关 键 词：儿童 注意缺陷多动障碍 精气神理论 病因病机 

分 类 号：R272[医药卫生—中医儿科学]