短期围封对河北塞罕坝草甸草原植物功能多样性的影响  

Effects of short⁃term fencing on plant functional diversity in the meadow steppe of Saihanba,Hebei Pro⁃vince,China

作　　者：宋珊珊 朱江玲[1] 唐志尧[1] SONG Shanshan;ZHU Jiangling;TANG Zhiyao(Institute of Ecology,College of Urban and En-vironmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京大学生态研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2025年第1期104-112,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA26050102);国家自然科学基金项目(32271622)资助。

摘　　要：本研究以河北塞罕坝的草甸草原为对象,研究3年期的短期围封对植物群落物种和功能多样性的影响。结果表明:相比于放牧,围封显著改变了土壤化学性质和植物群落组成,优势种由车前变为地榆。围封没有改变植物群落的物种多样性。围封样地中叶片和根系的功能丰富度分别是放牧样地的16.9(1.18 vs.0.07)和1460.2(3.57 vs.<0.01)倍,叶片性状的功能分离度和根系性状的功能均匀度相比于放牧分别降低了7.7%(0.72 vs.0.78)和12.3%(0.57 vs.0.65)。围封和放牧样地中,物种β-多样性主要由周转成分贡献(74.9%和62.4%),而功能β-多样性主要由嵌套成分贡献(叶片:82.6%和70.6%;根系:73.9%和79.5%)。围封样地总体的物种和功能β-多样性由土壤性质和空间因子共同驱动(物种:R^(2)=0.53;叶片:R^(2)=0.47;根系:R^(2)=0.29);放牧样地总体的物种和功能β-多样性主要由空间因子驱动(物种:R^(2)=0.31;叶片:R^(2)=0.36;根系:R^(2)=0.40)。综上所述,围封对物种多样性与功能多样性的影响存在差异,物种的更替并不一定导致性状的更替。因此,在评估草地修复效果时,应综合考虑物种多样性和功能多样性。探讨不同维度的群落β-多样性及其组成部分,有助于我们更深入理解群落的构建机制。We explored the effect of three⁃year fencing on species diversity and functional diversity of plant com⁃munities of a meadow steppe in Saihanba,Hebei Province.The results showed that compared with grazing,fencing significantly altered soil chemical properties and plant community composition,with the dominant species changing from Plantago asiatica to Sanguisorba officinalis.Fencing did not change plant species diversity.In fenced plots,leaf and root functional richness were 16.9(1.18 vs.0.07)and 1460.2(3.57 vs.<0.01)times as that in grazed plots,respectively;while leaf functional divergence and root functional evenness decreased by 7.7%(0.72 vs.0.78)and 12.3%(0.57 vs.0.65),respectively.In both fenced and grazed plots,speciesβ⁃diversity was mainly contributed by turnover components(74.9%and 62.4%),while functionalβ⁃diversity was mainly contributed by nestedness components(Leaf:82.6%and 70.6%;Root:73.9%and 79.5%).In fenced plots,overall species and functionalβ⁃diversity were driven by the combination of soil properties and spatial factors(Species:R2=0.53;Leaf:R2=0.47;Root:R^(2)=0.29).In grazed plots,overall species and functionalβ⁃diversity were mainly driven by spatial factors(Species:R^(2)=0.31;Leaf:R^(2)=0.36;Root:R^(2)=0.40).In summary,there were differences in the effects of fencing on species diversity and functional diversity,and species turnover did not lead to trait turn⁃over.Therefore,both species diversity and functional diversity should be considered when evaluating the effective⁃ness of grassland restoration.Exploringβ⁃diversity and its components of communities in different dimensions helps us to better understand the mechanisms of community assembly.

关 键 词：草甸草原 短期围封 β-多样性 物种多样性 功能多样性 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]