中国陆生植物群落多样性影响因素  

Factors influencing the diversity of terrestrial plant communities in China

作　　者：付珊伊 李琳琳 胡海娟 闫琰 FU Shanyi;LI Linlin;HU Hai-juan;YAN Yan(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Qin-ling National Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西秦岭森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2025年第1期113-120,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2023YFF1304001-04);国家自然科学基金青年项目(31700380)资助。

摘　　要：生物多样性的形成和维持机制一直是生态学研究的重要议题。为揭示影响中国陆生植物多样性形成的生态学过程,本研究基于441篇有关中国陆生植物群落多样性研究的文献数据,结合气候、土壤和地形等因子,通过构建多元回归模型探究影响中国内陆不同气候区中不同生长型植物多样性的主导因素。结果表明:在中国内陆地区,热带湿润区和高原气候区植物多样性最丰富,随后依次为亚热带湿润区、温带湿润半湿润区,而温带干旱半干旱区的植物多样性最低。除温带干旱半干旱区和热带湿润区以外,地形和土壤因素对其余气候区乔木植物多样性的总体影响最大;除温带干旱半干旱区的草本植物以外,其余气候区的灌木植物、草本植物多样性以及温带干旱半干旱区的灌木植物多样性均由地形和土壤因素主导。影响不同气候区不同生长型植物多样性的机制存在差异,但它们都受到气候、土壤和地形等因素的影响,且在较大区域尺度上,土壤和地形因素对植物多样性的形成和维持具有重要作用,证实了大区域尺度上生境异质性差异对植物多样性的影响。The mechanism of biodiversity formation and maintenance is an important topic in ecological research.To reveal the ecological processes affecting plant diversity formation of terrestrial ecosystems in China,we conduc⁃ted a meta⁃analysis to investigate the dominant factors affecting plant diversity of different growth forms in different climatic zones,including climate,soil,and topography.We collected data from 441 published papers,and con⁃structed multiple regression models.The results showed that the tropical humid zone and the plateau climate zone had the richest plant diversity in China,followed by the subtropical humid zone and the temperate humid semi⁃hu⁃mid zone.The temperate arid and semi⁃arid zone had the lowest plant diversity.With the exception of the temperate arid and semi⁃arid zone and the tropical humid zones,topographic and soil factors had the greatest overall influence on tree diversity.Except for herb in temperate arid and semi⁃arid zone,the diversity of shrubs and herbs in other climate zones,as well as the diversity of shrubs in temperate arid and semi⁃arid zone,were primarily influenced by topography and soil factors.Different mechanisms affected plant diversity of different growth forms in different cli⁃matic zones,though they were all affected by factors including climate,soil,and topography.At regional scale,soil and topographic factors played an important role in the formation and maintenance of plant diversity,confirming the influence of differences in habitat heterogeneity on plant diversity at large scales.

关 键 词：植物多样性 影响因素 气候 土壤 地形 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]