基于荒野保护的浙江省生态保护红线动态优化  

Dynamic optimization of the ecological red line in Zhejiang Province based on wilderness protection

作　　者：管嘉文 杨国福 陈昊 王振国 王锡钰 徐斌[1] GUAN Jiawen;YANG Guofu;CHEN Hao;WANG Zhenguo;WANG Xiyu;XU Bin(College of Landscape Architecture and Architecture,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,China;School of Art and Archaeology,Hangzhou City University,Hangzhou 310015,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院,杭州311300 [2]浙大城市学院艺术与考古学院,杭州310015

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2025年第1期238-248,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C02023)资助。

摘　　要：人类活动干扰下荒野空间不断被压缩,导致生物多样性受到严重威胁。中国创新划定并严守的生态保护红线(ECR)在生态文明建设和生态环境保护方面发挥了巨大作用。然而,荒野地概念起源较晚,以往划定ECR时,几乎都未考虑荒野地保护这一因素。本研究以经济较为发达的浙江省为案例,基于改进的荒野识别模型将荒野地与现有ECR进行叠加分析,评估了ECR对荒野保护的贡献。同时,考虑荒野地经济效益与生态效益的平衡及空间分布差异,提出现有ECR的潜在优化路径。结果表明:2010—2020年间,浙江省荒野地分布呈现西多东少的分布格局,荒野地面积减少20.8%,荒野地质量整体呈明显降低趋势;研究期间,红线内荒野地丧失较少,且27.2%的荒野地质量有所提升,红线外荒野地丧失严重且整体质量下降;现有ECR对荒野地保护覆盖率仅为29.8%,存在明显的保护空缺,整合优化后的ECR面积增加40.2%,受保护的荒野面积增加135.8%。本研究模式为提高ECR保护效率、制定关键荒野保护途径、促进城镇可持续发展与生物多样性的维持提供了理论依据。Human activities continuously encroach upon wilderness spaces, which is a severe threat to biodiversity. The ecological red line(ECR), which was innovatively demarcated and strictly executed in China, has played a great role in the construction of ecological civilization and the protection of ecological environment. However, the concept of wilderness was originated late, and thus the protection of wilderness was hardly considered when ECR was defined before. Based on an improved wilderness identification model, we overlaid and analyzed wilderness areas with existing ECRs to evaluate the ECR's contribution to wilderness protection in Zhejiang Province. Taking the balance and spatial distribution difference between economic and ecological benefits of wilderness into consideration, we put forward the potential optimization path of current ECR. The results showed that, during 2010-2020, the distribution pattern of wilderness land in Zhejiang Province was “more in the west and less in the east”. The area of wilderness land decreased by 20.8%, and the overall quality of wilderness land showed an obvious downward trend. During the study period, the loss of wilderness land within the red line was less, and the quality of 27.2% of wilderness land was improved, while the loss of wilderness land outside the red line was serious and the overall quality decreased. The current ECR only covered 29.8% of wilderness, indicating significant protection gaps. Integration and optimization of the ECR resulted in a 40.2% increase in ECR area and a 135.8% increase in protected wilderness area. Our results could provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of ECR protection, formulating key wilderness protection ways, and promoting the sustainable development of cities and towns and the maintenance of biodiversity.

关 键 词：荒野识别 区域规划 格局演变 生物多样性保护 可持续发展 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]