MRI与CT检查对儿童先天性神经感音性听力下降内耳及听觉中枢畸形临床应用价值  

The Clinical Application Value of MRI and CT Examination in Congenital Neurosensory Hearing Loss in Children with Inner Ear and Auditory Central Malformation

作　　者：夏文芳 Xia Wenfang(Dezhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Dezhou,Shandong,253000,China)

机构地区：[1]德州市中医院,山东德州253000

出　　处：《中国医学文摘(耳鼻咽喉科学)》2025年第1期86-88,共3页Chinese Medical Digest(Otorhinolaryngology)

摘　　要：目的评价分析儿童先天性神经感音性听力下降内耳及听觉中枢畸形患儿接受MRI与CT检查的有效性。方法选取我院收治的重度神经感音性下降患儿共计83例,时间分布界限2021年1月至2023年1月,患儿别分接受MRI检查(83例)、CT检查(20例),根据内耳分类标准,分析诊断与分型结果。结果MRI检查共计83例,CT检查共计20例,其中,17例为前庭导水管扩大,占比达到20.48%;14例为耳蜗畸形,占比达到16.86%;12例为前庭畸形,占比达到14.45%;9例为蜗神经畸形,占比达到10.84%;7例为半规管畸形,占比达到8.43%,主要以外半规管发育不全为主;6例为内听道发育畸形,占比达到7.22%;4例为骨迷路畸形,占比达到4.81%;1例为米歇尔畸形,占比达到1.20%;1例为顶周融合,占比达到1.20%;2例为脑白质脱髓鞘,占比达到2.40%,共有73例,10例患儿经过MRI与CT检查没有异常现象,占比达到12.04%。结论在诊断儿童先天性神经感音性听力下降内耳即听觉中枢畸形中,运用MRI技术,能够客观评定患儿的内耳、窝神经畸形以及发育情况,且对畸形严重等级进行临床分类,而CT技术能够及时发现患儿骨性结构与通道的异常情况,将MRI与CT检查联合应用,可使临床诊断有效性进一步提升,为临床医师提供可靠的人工耳蜗植入手术治疗依据。Objective To evaluate and analyze the effectiveness of MRI and CT examinations in children with congenital neurosensory hearing loss,inner ear,and central auditory malformations.Method A total of 83 children with severe sensorineural decline admitted to our hospital were selected,with a time distribution range of January 2021 to January 2023.The children were divided into MRI examination(83 cases)and CT examination(20 cases),and the diagnosis and classification results were analyzed based on the classification criteria of the inner ear.Result A total of 83 cases underwent MRI examination,and 20 cases underwent CT examination.Among them,17 cases had enlarged vestibular aqueduct,accounting for 20.48%;14 cases were acute cochlear infection,accounting for 16.86%;12 cases had vestibular malformations,accounting for 14.45%;9 cases had acute fossa nerve injury,accounting for 10.84%;Seven cases were diagnosed with acute semicircular canal,accounting for 8.43%of the cases,mainly with underdeveloped external semicircular canals;6 cases had acute development of the internal auditory canal,accounting for 7.22%;4 cases had acute labyrinthine bone disease,accounting for 4.81%;One case was Michel's malformation,accounting for 1.20%;One case was fixed fusion,accounting for 1.20%;There were 2 cases of cerebral demyelination,accounting for 2.40%,and a total of 73 cases.10 patients had no abnormalities after MRI and CT examination,accounting for 12.04%.Conclusion In the diagnosis of congenital sensorineural hearing loss in children,the use of MRI technology can objectively assess the inner ear,fossa nerve malformations,and development status of the child,and clinically classify the severity of the malformation.CT technology can timely detect abnormalities in the child's bone structure and channels.The combination of MRI and CT examination can further improve the effectiveness of clinical diagnosis,Provide reliable surgical treatment basis for cochlear implantation for clinical physicians.

关 键 词：MRI CT 先天性神经感音性听力下降 内耳及听觉中枢畸形 

分 类 号：R76[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]