适宜工厂化栽培香菇菌株的筛选和评价  

Screening and evaluation of Lentinula edodes strains suitable for industrial cultivation

作　　者：孔昊 戴鑫 章炉军[2,3] 张帅 宋秋潇 王丽 KONG Hao;DAI Xin;ZHANG Lujun;ZHANG Shuai;SONG Qiuxiao;WANG Li(College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,Shandong,China;The Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Shanghai 201403,China;Shandong Qihe Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Zibo 255100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,国家食用菌技术研究中心,上海201403 [3]山东七河生物科技股份有限公司,山东淄博255100

出　　处：《菌物学报》2025年第1期129-145,共17页Mycosystema

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2022CXGC010609);山东省食用菌产业技术体系(SDAIT-07-06)。

摘　　要：本研究首先对收集到的56份香菇种质资源进行全基因组重测序并分析其遗传多样性,进一步测定了菌株的菌丝长速以及在工厂化栽培条件下菌盖直径、菌盖厚度、菌柄直径、菌柄长度、单菇重量、产量、菌盖硬度等农艺性状。基于SNP分子标记的系统聚类和群体结构分析均将56份菌株分为5个类群,且栽培菌株和野生菌株之间的遗传距离较远;各类群之间的农艺性状具有显著性差异。最后利用灰色关联度分析对顺利出菇的43个菌株的子实体农艺性状进行综合评价,筛选获得了2个适宜工厂化栽培的菌株,为香菇工厂化栽培优良品种的选育提供了理论依据。Whole genome re-sequencing of 56 collected Lentinula edodes germplasm resources was performed and their genetic diversity was analyzed.Agronomic traits of the strains were determined,including the mycelial growth rate,cap diameter,cap thickness,stipe diameter,stipe length,single fruit body weight,yield,and cap firmness under factory cultivation conditions.Tested strains were divided into 5 groups according to the systematic clustering and population structure analysis based on SNP molecular markers.It was found that the genetic distance between cultivated and wild strains was relatively far,and there were significant differences in agronomic traits among different groups.Grey correlation analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the agronomic traits of the fruiting bodies of 43 fructiferous strains.Two strains suitable for industrial cultivation were selected.Further efforts for breeding excellent L.edodes varieties for industrial cultivation are needful.

关 键 词：香菇 筛选评价 遗传多样性 农艺性状 灰色关联度分析 

分 类 号：S646.12[农业科学—蔬菜学]