生物凝胶膜的室温快速聚合及其水伏发电功效  

Rapid room-temperature preparation and hydrovoltaic application of biohydrogel

作　　者：洪铭秋 任国平 胡启昌 叶捷 周顺桂[1] HONG MingQiu;REN GuoPing;HU QiChang;YE Jie;ZHOU ShunGui(College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学机电工程学院,福州350002

出　　处：《中国科学:技术科学》2025年第1期104-114,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(批准号:41925028);国家自然科学基金(批准号:42307176和42377310)资助项目。

摘　　要：蒸发诱导发电(evaporation-induced electricity)是一种利用水蒸发产生电能的水伏技术,凭借其高度自发且可持续产电的能力受到广泛关注.水凝胶具有丰富的亲水官能团与良好的水分传输性能,被认为是极具潜力的蒸发发电功能材料.然而,传统水凝胶的制备通常需加热或紫外诱导聚合,过程复杂且费时,严重制约了水凝胶基水伏技术的实际应用.在此,本文以硫还原地杆菌(Geobacter sulfurreducens,G.s)为模式微生物,在室温下诱导纳米纤维素与聚丙烯酰胺大分子链快速聚合,1 min内合成水伏性能优异的生物凝胶膜.这归因于G.s中丰富的还原性官能团自发与S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)氧化还原反应,迅速释放高能热量并产生大量自由基,从而加速聚合反应.得益于G.s优异的导电性和水凝胶的机械性,G.s生物凝胶膜兼具优异的电荷传输与机械可塑能力,有利于水伏电子器件的推广应用.由G.s生物凝胶膜组装的蒸发发电机可以长时间输出~13μA的电流,并为小型电子设备供电.综上所述,本研究提供了一种快速、节能、简便的生物凝胶膜制备方法,为水伏关键功能材料提供了新的选择.Evaporation-induced electricity is a hydrovoltaic technology that uses water evaporation to generate electricity,and has attracted attention due to its highly self-generating and sustainable electricity production capability.Hydrogels,which are rich in hydrophilic functional groups and have good water transport properties,are considered as promising functional materials for evaporation-induced electricity generation.However,the preparation of traditional hydrogels usually requires heating or ultraviolet-induced polymerization,which is a complicated and time-consuming process,severely limiting the practical application of hydrogel-based hydrovoltaic technology.Herein,Geobacter sulfurreducens(G.s)was used as a model microorganism to induce the rapid polymerization of nanocellulose and polyacrylamide macromolecular chains at room temperature,which resulted in the synthesis of a biohydrogel film with excellent performance within one minute.The abundance of reducing functional groups in G.s reacted with S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)in a spontaneous redox reaction,releasing heat and free radicals,which accelerated the polymerization reaction.Owing to the excellent electrical conductivity of G.s,the G.s biohydrogel film has both excellent charge transfer capability and mechanical properties,which is beneficial for the application of aqueous hydrovoltaic devices.The evaporation generator assembled by G.s biohydrogel film can output~13μA of current for a long time,which can be used to power small electronic devices.In conclusion,the present study provides an energy-saving,simple,and rapid method for the preparation of biohydrogel film,which provides a new choice for the key functional materials of hydrovoltaic technology and practical application.

关 键 词：微生物诱导 自由基聚合 生物凝胶膜 水蒸发发电 

分 类 号：TM61[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]