不同林龄杉木人工林土壤微生物生物量与酶活性特征的影响机制  

Characteristics and influencing mechanisms of soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations with different stand ages

作　　者：卢安琪 陈志杰 李雪[1,2] 王振宇 李帅军 冯莉绚 王思荣 邹秉章 黄志群 LU Anqi;CHEN Zhijie;LI Xue;WANG Zhenyu;LI Shuaijun;FENG Lixuan;WANG Sirong;ZOU Bingzhang;HUANG Zhiqun(Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007,China;School of Geographical Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Fujian Shanghang Baisha Forest Farm,Shanghang 364205,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学湿润亚热带山地生态国家教育部重点实验室,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [3]福建省上杭白砂国有林场,福建上杭364205

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第1期11-20,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31570604,31600495)资助。

摘　　要：探讨森林生态系统中土壤微生物生物量和酶活性随林分发育的变化,对造林后的经营管理具有重要意义。本研究以5、8、21、27和40年生的杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林为对象,分析不同林龄阶段0~10、10~20和20~40 cm土层的微生物生物量碳、氮和胞外酶活性特征及其影响因素。结果表明:随林分发育,杉木人工林土壤微生物生物量碳、氮均显著增加,在40年生达到最大。土壤酶活性呈现单峰型的变化模式,其中纤维素水解酶、葡萄糖苷酶、乙酰氨基-葡萄糖苷酶和酸性磷酸酶在8年生达到最高,而多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的峰值则在21年。在所有林龄中,土壤微生物生物量碳、氮和酶活性随土壤深度的增加而降低。冗余分析显示:土壤水含量、总氮、速效磷和可溶性有机氮是影响土壤微生物生物量和土壤水解酶酶活性的主导因子,氧化酶活性则主要由土壤水含量和速效钾调控。综上,土壤养分含量是影响酶活性在不同林龄阶段存在差异的主要原因。在评价养分对杉木人工林生长过程中土壤微生物特征和酶活性的影响时,不能忽视速效钾对氧化酶活性特征的重要作用。Understanding changes in soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities with stand development is crucial for post-afforestation management. Here, we examined the changes in microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, extracellular enzyme activities and their association with environmental factors in different soil layers(0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm) in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations of different stand ages(5, 8, 21, 27 and 40 years old) in the southern Wuyi Mountains, China. The results showed that soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen increased significantly with stand development. Soil enzyme activities showed a unimodal trend. Specifically, cellulose hydrolase, glucosidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and acid phosphatase activities peaked in 8 years old stand, whereas polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities peaked in 21 years old stand. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activities decreased with increasing soil depth across all stand ages. Results of redundancy analysis revealed that soil moisture, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and soluble organic nitrogen contents significantly influenced soil microbial biomass and soil hydrolytic enzyme activities, while oxidative enzyme activities were primarily regulated by soil moisture and available potassium. In conclusion, soil nutrient contents were the primary drivers of the variations in enzyme activities across different stand stages. When evaluating the impacts of nutrients on soil microbial properties and enzyme activities during the stand development of C. lanceolata plantations, the important role of available potassium on oxidative enzyme activities cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：林分发育 土层深度 土壤微生物 土壤胞外酶 环境因子 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]