广东乳源大峡谷马尾松林主要木本植物种间关系、生态位及群落稳定性  

Interspecific relationships, ecological niches of main woody species, and community stability in Pinus massoniana forest in Guangdong Ruyuan Grand Canyon

作　　者：付志高 肖以华[1] 许涵[1] 邹建平 贲春丽 史欣[1] 曹国松 FU Zhigao;XIAO Yihua;XU Han;ZOU Jianping;BEN Chunli;SHI Xin;CAO Guosong(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;Administration Bureau of Daxiagu Nature Reserve of Guangdong Province,Ruyuan 512700,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]广东乳源大峡谷省级自然保护区管理处,广东乳源512700

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第1期32-40,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：广东省林木种质资源调查(SL00102);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1303003-06);广东珠江三角洲森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站(0144135)项目资助。

摘　　要：探究峡谷生境中马尾松林(Pinus massoniana)主要植物的种间关系、生态位状态及群落稳定性,为广东大峡谷保护区森林资源的近自然管理提供科学依据。基于马尾松林样地调查数据和2×2列联表,测定了主要植物的重要值(IV)、生态位宽度(B_(L)和B_(S))、生态位重叠(O_(ik))、OI指数和DI指数,应用方差比率法(VR)和χ^(2)检验分析主要植物种间联结指数(AC)、并依据Godron法评价群落稳定性。结果表明:(1)群落中马尾松作为建群种,具有最大的重要值(IV=40.11%)和生态位宽度(B_(L)=12.53,B_(S)=2.64),杉木、广东杜鹃、木荷、圆果化香树、杨梅和秃瓣杜英次之;该7种树在群落资源竞争中占据优势地位,并且与群落中其他植物产生了较高的生态位重叠。(2)群落主要优势种78个种对中,种对间负联结(53.85%)大于正联结(44.87%)。χ^(2)检验结果显示,显著联结种对占10.26%,不显著的占89.74%;OI和DI指数小于0.4的种对分别占总数的69.23%和73.08%,表征种间负联结程度高,相对独立性强,联结较为松散。(3)Godron法分析结果表明,群落处于不稳定状态,群落物种间呈现显著负关联(VR=0.62,W=18.44)。在近自然管理原则下,建议选择广东杜鹃、木荷、圆果化香树、杨梅和秃瓣杜英等树种作为广东大峡谷马尾松林建群种,促进其近自然演替。Exploring the interspecific relationships, ecological niches of main plant species, and community stability in Pinus massoniana forest of canyon habitat is beneficial to creating a scientific foundation for forest resource management in the Guangdong Grand Canyon. The importance value(Ⅳ), niche breadths(B_(L) and B_(S)), niche overlaps(O_(ik)), OI and DI indices of dominant plant species were calculated based on survey data and the 2×2 contingency table of Pinus massoniana forest plot. The interspecific associations(AC) of dominant species were analyzed using the variance ratio(VR) method and the chi-square test. Community stability was evaluated using the Godron method. The results showed that:(1) As the constructive species, Pinus massoniana had the highest importance value(Ⅳ=40.11%) and ecological niche breadth(B_(L)=12.53, B_(S)=2.64), followed by Cunninghamia lanceolata, Rhododendron kwangtungense, Schima superba, Platycarya longipes, Myrica rubra, and Elaeocarpus glabripetalus. Those seven species dominated resource competition in the community, with substantial niche overlap with other species.(2) Among the 78 species pairs of the dominant species, the species pairs with negative associations(53.85%) outweighed that of positive associations(44.87%). The results of χ^(2) test showed that the species pairs with significant associations accounted for 10.26% and those with non-significant associations accounted for 89.74%. The species pairs with OI and DI values less than 0.4 accounted for 69.23% and 73.08% of the total species pairs, respectively, indicating a high degree of negative inter-species association, strong relative independence and loose association of the species pairs.(3) Results of the Godron method demonstrated that the community was at an unstable state, with a negative interspecific association in the community(VR=0.62, W=18.44). We proposed that Rhododendron kwangtungense, Schima superba, Platycarya longipes, Myrica rubra, and Elaeocarpus glabripetalus should be selected as the constru

关 键 词：马尾松林 种间关系 生态位 群落稳定性 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]