长白山阔叶红松林伴生树种色木槭的种群结构与动态  

Population structure and dynamics of Acer mono, a companion tree species in the broad-leaved Korean pine forest of Changbai Mountain

作　　者：张金峰 李俊清[2] ZHANG Jinfeng;LI Junqing(College of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,China;School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命科学学院,西宁810016 [2]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第1期41-48,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查项目(SQ2019FY101602)资助。

摘　　要：色木槭(Acer mono)为长白山北坡阔叶红松林主要伴生树种。本研究以色木槭种群为对象,通过样地调查和数据统计,编制种群静态生命表,拟合存活曲线、死亡率和消失率曲线,结合种群结构动态量化分析并应用4个生存函数和时间序列预测模型,分析色木槭种群结构与动态,揭示其生存现状,并预测未来发展趋势,以期为该种群的保护及阔叶红松林恢复提供参考依据。结果显示:色木槭种群年龄结构较为完整,Ⅰ~Ⅲ龄级个体在种群中占比重大(78.98%),说明种群具有较强的增长潜力;结合种群总体数量动态变化指数V_(pi)>V′_(pi)>0,可知色木槭种群为增长型。然而,种群存活曲线接近Deevey-Ⅲ型,说明幼龄个体大量死亡,反映出幼龄期是色木槭种群自身发展的瓶颈时期。生存函数分析显示,Ⅰ~Ⅵ龄级,种群呈增长趋势,在Ⅶ龄级达到平衡状态,而后进入衰退期。时间序列预测分析表明,色木槭种群各龄级个体数在未来2~10龄级时间内均稳定增加。本研究表明,阔叶红松林色木槭种群抗干扰能力较强,年龄结构较稳定,未来一段时间内,种群发展趋势良好。Acer mono is a major companion tree species in the broad-leaved Korean pine forest located on the north slope of Changbai Mountain. To establish a scientific foundation for the conservation of A. mono and the rehabilitation of broad-leaved Korean pine forests, we examined the population structure and dynamics of A. mono through field surveys. We used various analytical tools, such as static life table, survival curve, mortality curve, vanishing rate curve, quantitative dynamic index, four survival functions, and a time series prediction model. The results showed that the population exhibited a comprehensive structure, with a notable proportion(78.98%) belonging to the Ⅰ-Ⅲ age groups, signifying robust growth potential. The population dynamics indices showed V_(pi)>V′_(pi)>0, indicating that the A. mono population was growth-oriented. Nonetheless, the survival curve closely resembled the Deevey-Ⅲ type, signifying a substantial loss of young individuals and underscoring the juvenile phase as a critical bottleneck period for the self-development of the A. mono population. Moreover, results of the survival functions showed that the A. mono population experienced a growth trend from the Ⅰ to Ⅵ age classes, maintained relative stability at the Ⅶ age class, and subsequently entered a recession phase. Results of the time series prediction analysis showed that the abundance of each age class would increase steadily over the next 2-10 age classes. Our results indicate the robust resilience and stable age structure of the A. mono population in the broad-leaved Korean pine forest, suggesting a promising outlook for future population development.

关 键 词：色木槭 静态生命表 数量动态分析 生存函数 时间序列预测 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]