江西省酸性农田土壤亚硝酸盐还原基因丰度及其环境驱动因子  

The abundance of nitrite reducing genes and the driving factors in acidic agricultural soils from Jiangxi Province

作　　者：成于恒 冯蒙蒙 宛颂 邓米林 贺纪正 林永新 CHENG Yuheng;FENG Mengmeng;WAN Song;DENG Milin;HE Jizheng;LIN Yong-xin(Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第1期107-112,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077041,41930756)资助。

摘　　要：不同土地利用方式对农田生态系统的结构和功能产生了重要影响,但对产生氧化亚氮的关键基因——亚硝酸盐还原基因丰度的区域分布特征的影响尚不清楚。本研究选取江西省16个县市种植花生的旱地土和水稻土,使用实时荧光定量PCR方法测定两种土地利用方式下酸性农田土壤亚硝酸盐还原基因nirS和nirK丰度。结果表明:种植花生的旱地土硝态氮和速效磷含量显著高于水稻土,总碳、总氮和铵态氮含量显著低于水稻土,pH值和可溶性有机碳含量与水稻土无显著差异。旱地土和水稻土的nirS基因丰度均比nirK丰度高出100倍以上,表明nirS型亚硝酸盐还原微生物在酸性农田土壤中占主导。此外,旱地土的nirS和nirK基因丰度显著高于水稻土,表明旱地土可能更有利于亚硝酸盐还原微生物生长。总氮含量是预测旱地土nirS和nirK基因丰度最主要的环境因子,而铵态氮含量对水稻土nirS和nirK基因丰度的解释度最高。综上,江西省酸性农田土壤亚硝酸盐还原基因丰度主要受土壤氮素形态和水平调控。Different land use patterns can substantially alter the structure and function of agricultural ecosystems. The impacts of land use on the abundance of nitrite reducing genes, which are critical in producing nitrous oxide, at a regional scale remain largely unclear. We collected dryland soils that grow peanut and paddy soils from sixteen counties or cities in Jiangxi Province to determine the abundance of nitrite reducing genes nirS and nirK using real-time quantitative PCR. Results showed that nitrate and available phosphorus contents in dryland soils were significantly higher than those in paddy soils, while total carbon, total nitrogen and ammonium contents showed opposite trends. There were no significant differences in pH and dissolved organic carbon content between dryland and paddy soils. The abundance of nirS was two order of magnitudes higher than that of nirK in both dryland and paddy soils, indicating that nirS dominated in the acidic agricultural soils. Moreover, the abundance of nirS and nirK was significantly higher in dryland soils than that in paddy soils, indicating that nitrite reducing microorganisms might prefer dryland soils. Soil total nitrogen(TN) and NH_(4)^(+)-N contents were the best predictors for the abundance of nirS and nirK genes in dryland soils and paddy soils, respectively. Taken together, soil nitrogen forms and contents were the most important abiotic factors controlling the abundance of nitrite reductase genes in acidic agricultural soils of Jiangxi Province.

关 键 词：土地利用方式 氮循环 nirS NIRK 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]