杆式折叠结构的设计与受力性能分析  

Design and Mechanical Performance Analysis of Rod Folding Structure

作　　者：刘俊锋 刘艳芝 朱德举[1,2] 王涛 LIU Junfeng;LIU Yanzhi;ZHU Deju;WANG Tao(College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Shandong Tianyi High-Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jining 272114,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,长沙410082 [2]山东天意高科技有限公司,山东济宁272114

出　　处：《建筑钢结构进展》2025年第2期64-73,122,共11页Progress in Steel Building Structures

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ30142);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2208033);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2021TSGC1175);湖湘高层次人才聚集工程-创新人才(2021RC5005)。

摘　　要：为了实现房屋的折叠与展开并满足其受力需求,在传统剪支铰折叠结构的基础上,提出一种新型杆式折叠结构。首先,对新型杆式折叠结构进行设计和优化,采用螺旋理论对其进行自由度分析。同时,建立高度为2.2 m的ABAQUS有限元模型,对其施加平面内竖向荷载,获得不同铰接约束次数、钢材强度等级、销轴孔径、槽钢立柱壁厚、杆件宽度条件下折叠结构的初始刚度、极限承载力和破坏模式。最后,对折叠结构进行稳定性分析,提出了设计建议。结果表明:当折叠结构展开后高宽比为1/√2时,可以达到最大折叠率;折叠结构展开过程中机构自由度为1,当折叠结构完全展开并施加一定铰接约束后结构自由度为负值;次要受力杆件、销轴孔径对结构初始刚度和极限承载力影响不大;提高钢材强度等级、槽钢立柱壁厚、主要受力构件宽度可提高结构初始刚度和极限承载力,但是其值过高时会导致结构发生失稳破坏;为避免结构失稳,可通过促进塑性铰形成和将特定杆件改为箱形截面两种途径来实现。In order to realize the folding and unfolding of the house and meet its bearing capacity requirement,a new type of rod folding structure was proposed based on traditional scissor hinged folding structure.Firstly,a new rod folding structure was designed and optimized,and the spiral theory was used to analyze the degree of freedom of the new rod folding structure.At the same time,an ABAQUS finite element model with a height of 2.2 m was established,and vertical load in plane was applied to obtain the initial stiffness,ultimate bearing capacity and failure mode of the folding structure under different hinge constraint conditions,steel strength grades,apertures of pin shaft,wall thicknesses of channel steel column and rod widths.Finally,stability analysis of the folding structure was carried out and design suggestions were proposed.The results show that when the height-to-width ratio of the folding structure after unfolding is 1/√2,the maximum folding rate of the structure can be achieved.The degree of freedom of the mechanism during the unfolding process of the folding structure is 1,and when it is fully expanded,the degree of freedom of the structure is negative after applying certain articulation constraints.The secondary stressed members and apertures of pin shaft have little effect on the initial stiffness and ultimate bearing capacity of the structure.Increasing the steel strength grade,the wall thickness of channel steel columns,and width of the main stressed members can enhance the initial stiffness and ultimate bearing capacity of the structure,but excessive increase leads to structural instability failure.To avoid structural instability,this can be achieved by promoting plastic hinge formation and changing specific members to box sections.

关 键 词：折叠结构 有限元模拟 螺旋理论 荷载-位移曲线 稳定性分析 

分 类 号：TU391[建筑科学—结构工程]