发达国家饮用水质量管理经验与对比分析  

Experiences and Comparative Analysis of Drinking Water Quality Management in Developed Countries

作　　者：龚利民 符翔 邹苏红 GONG Limin;FU Xiang;ZOU Suhong(Shenzhen Water and Environment Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518033,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市环境水务集团有限公司,广东深圳518033

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第2期1-9,22,共10页Water Purification Technology

摘　　要：【目的】尽管我国供水系统取得了显著进展,但在供水管理、法规完善及技术创新等方面,与发达国家仍有差距,需要借鉴发达国家的成功经验。【方法】文章系统梳理了发达国家在饮用水供应系统管理中的先进实践,重点分析了法规完善、水质管控和智能化技术在提升水质安全中的作用,为我国提供了可借鉴的路径。【结果】发达国家通过严格立法、制定高标准的水质限值、管网保护及智能化监控等多种手段优化饮用水管理。其中,欧美国家自20世纪起陆续出台相关法规,并针对新污染物加强立法;通过高质量管材、智能监控和快速修复机制,有效降低管网污染与漏损率;新加坡通过NEWater项目和综合水管理体系确保水源多样性与水质稳定。此外,这些国家还采用人工智能技术强化水质监测和风险管理,显著提升了水质安全水平。【结论】我国应借鉴发达国家在管网建设、维护及新污染物控制等方面的经验,进一步加强水质监控、完善法规体系、推动技术创新,逐步缩小与发达国家的差距,为保障未来饮用水安全提供强有力的支撑。[Objective]Although China′s water supply system has made significant progress,it still lags behind developed countries in terms of supply management,regulatory frameworks,and technological innovation.There is a need to learn from the successful experiences of developed countries.[Methods]This study systematically reviews advanced practices in drinking water supply management in developed countries,focusing on the role of regulatory improvements,water quality management control,and smart technologies in enhancing water safety,providing valuable insights for China.[Results]Developed countries optimize drinking water management through strict legislation,high standards for water quality limits,pipeline protection,and intelligent monitoring.Since the 20th century,European and American countries have gradually introduced relevant regulations and strengthened legislation to address emerging contaminants.They have effectively reduced pipeline pollution and leakage rates through the use of high-quality materials,intelligent monitoring,and rapid repair mechanisms.Singapore has ensured water source diversity and water quality stability through its NEWater project and integrates water management systems.Additionally,these countries have employed artificial intelligence technologies to enhance water quality monitoring and risk management,significantly improving water safety.[Conclusion]China should draw on the experiences of developed countries in pipeline construction,maintenance,and emerging contaminant control,further strengthen water quality monitoring,improve regulatory frameworks,and promote technological innovation.It may help narrow the gap with developed countries and provide strong support for ensuring future drinking water safety.

关 键 词：水质管理 新污染物 管网污染 技术创新 智能监控 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]