基于SWMM模型的海绵城市措施效果模拟分析——以坡地小区为例  

Simulation Analysis of Effectiveness of Sponge City Measures Based on SWMM Model:Case of a Sloping Landform Community

作　　者：翁时超 WENG Shichao(China United Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310052,China)

机构地区：[1]中国联合工程有限公司,浙江杭州310052

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第2期166-173,共8页Water Purification Technology

摘　　要：【目的】海绵城市建设是我国当下大力推行的新型城市建设模式,旨在解决城市雨洪管理难题。为在海绵城市建设过程中充分发挥不同类型海绵城市措施的优势,探究不同类型海绵城市措施组合配置对建设区域内雨水径流的影响成为迫切的需求。【方法】以杭州市某新建坡地小区为例,将小区按地形情况、雨水管网分布、场地坡向以及绿地等因素概化入SWMM模型,模拟不同模式海绵城市措施对不同重现期设计降雨下水文水质过程影响。【结果】模拟结果:在重现期为0.5年的设计降雨情况下,采用低影响开发(LID)措施模式的年径流总量控制率较传统模式提升40%左右,同时年径流污染控制率可以达到80%左右;在重现期为10年的设计降雨情况下,LID措施模式对小区的雨水控制能力不足,但在LID模式基础上增加大容积蓄水池时,径流峰值能得到较大的削减和峰现时间较大的延迟。【结论】研究表明:小区范围内采用LID措施模式可以在常规降雨时,较好地控制雨水径流及雨水面源污染;但在极端降雨情况下,仅采用LID措施模式对雨水的控制能力有限,需增设蓄水池才能有效控制雨水。研究结果可为海绵城市设计及管理提供一定的技术支持。[Objective]Sponge city construction is a new urban construction model promoted in China,aimes at solving the problem of urban rainwater and flood management.In order to fully use the advantages of different types of sponge city measures in the process of sponge city construction,it is an urgent demand to explore the impact of different combinations of sponge city measures on rainwater runoff in the construction area.[Methods]A newly hillside residential area in Hangzhou was selected,the SWMM model was generalized according to topography,rainwater pipe network distribution,site slope and green space.The influence of different models of sponge city scheme on design rainfall hydrological and water quality processes in different return periods was studied in this paper.[Results]The simulation results showed that:Under the condition of design rainfall with a return period of 0.5 years,the volume capture ratio annual runoff under the low impact clevelopment(LID)measure model had increased by about 40%compared to the traditional model,and the annual runoff pollution control rate could reach about 80%.But when the design rainfall with a return period was 10 years,the LID scheme had insufficient rainwater control ability for the area but when a large-volume reservoir was added to the LID model,the peak flow could be greatly reduced and the peak flow rate can be delayed.[Conclusion]Research has shown that using LID scheme within a community can effectively control rainwater runoff and non-point source pollution during regular rainfall.However,in extreme rainfall situations,the ability to control rainwater using only LID measures is limited,and it is necessary to add a reservoir to effectively control rainwater.The research results can improve the technical support for sponge city design and management.

关 键 词：SWMM 海绵城市 雨水径流控制 低影响开发(LID)措施 蓄水池 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]