移情现象的镜像神经元解释理论困境与现象学启示  

Theoretical Dilemma of the Mirror Neuron Interpretation of Empathy and its Phenomenological Enlightenment

作　　者：彭丽 PENG Li(School of Marxism,Luoyang Normal University,Luoyang 471934,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳师范学院马克思主义学院,河南洛阳471934

出　　处：《许昌学院学报》2025年第1期97-104,共8页Journal of Xuchang University

基　　金：河南省哲学社科规划项目“现象学中的移情问题研究”(2023CZX009);河南省哲学社科规划项目“现象学中的自在现象性及其转向研究”(2021BZX015)。

摘　　要：镜像神经元是一种能够识别并理解他人意图和情感的神经细胞,镜像神经元的移情解释理论建立在两个根本假设之上,即每个人都是一个可被还原为大脑—身体系统的独立个体,且对他人的意图和情感的认知遵循因果律,从而将移情视为一种生理现象。然而,这种解释会面临难以克服的困难,从现象学视角看,移情不单是独立个体之间的生理现象,而是我和他者的精神交融现象。海德格尔认为“共在”是移情的存在论基础,“共在”的本质被米歇尔·亨利揭示为生命的“共同感发”,马里翁则突出了“肉身”在移情中的源初性地位。现象学的观点能够克服移情的镜像神经元解释所带来的种种困难,并为理解移情现象提供新的研究路径。Mirror neurons are a type of neural cell that can recognize and understand the intentions and emotions of others.The theory based on mirror neurons explaining empathy is established on two fundamental assumptions:each person is an independent individual that can be reduced to the brain body system,and cognition of others’intentions and emotions follows the law of causality,thus viewing empathy as a physiological phenomenon.How-ever,this explanation will face insurmountable difficulties.From a perspective of phenomenology,empathy is not only a biological phenomenon,but also a spiritual one.Heidegger believed that“coexistence”is the ontological foundation of empathy,and the essence of“coexistence”was revealed by Michel Henry as the“shared sensory development”of life.Marion highlighted the primordial position of the“physical body”in empathy.The phe-nomenological perspective can overcome the various difficulties brought by the interpretation of mirror neurons in empathy and provide a new research path for understanding the phenomenon of empathy.

关 键 词：镜像神经元 移情 现象学 

分 类 号：B15[哲学宗教—世界哲学]