辐照技术对锂/钠离子电池主材的影响及性能提升  

Impact of irradiation technology on the key materials of lithium/sodium-ion batteries and enhancement of performance

作　　者：龙译文 侯敏 张凯 颜伟 姚毅 吴国忠[2] LONG Yiwen;HOU Min;ZHANG Kai;YAN Wei;YAO Yi;WU Guozhong(Shanghai Ruipu Youth Innovation Energy Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 201206,China;Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]上海瑞浦青创新能源有限公司,上海201206 [2]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2025年第1期1-20,共20页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

摘　　要：锂/钠离子电池因其合适的能量、功率密度以及优异的长期循环和存储稳定性,作为主要储能器件被广泛研究,该类电池主要由正极、负极、隔膜、电解液组成,每种材料都对电池的电性能起着决定性作用。本文综述了射线辐照对4大主材的影响及潜在应用,重点阐述了辐照技术在正极缺陷,负极合成、缺陷与表面修饰,隔膜合成、非接枝改性与功能化接枝,聚合物固态电解质合成、改性与原位固化等方面的研究应用现状,并探讨了辐照技术在各主材的应用前景,辐照技术可以显著提升电池材料的电性能和可靠性,可能成为一种很有前途的电池性能改善手段。本文还总结和分析了全电池辐照与失效关系,有助于理解电池技术在极端环境下的辐射效应。Lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries have attracteded extensive research interest as key energy storage solutions,owing to their favorable energy and power densities coupled with remarkable long-term cycling and storage stability.These batteries are primarily composed of four parts:cathode,anode,diaphragm,and electrolyte,each of which plays a decisive role in the electrical performance of the batteries.This paper comprehensively reviews the impacts and potential applications of radiation exposure on the four primary components of these batteries,focusing on the current status of research and application of irradiation technology with respect to cathode defects,anode synthesis,defects and surface modification,diaphragm synthesis,non-grafting modification and functionalized grafting,polymer solid electrolyte synthesis,and modification and in-situ curing.Furthermore,it discusses the prospects for the application of irradiation technology in the various main materials,Irradiation technology can significantly improve the battery material's electrical performance and reliability,and it may become a promising means of battery performance improvement.Furthermore,this paper delves into the relationship between radiation exposure and potential failures in full batteries,thereby providing insights into the implications of radiation effects on battery technology under extreme operating conditions.

关 键 词：锂/钠离子电池 辐照合成与缺陷 功能化接枝 原位固化 辐照损伤 

分 类 号：TL13[核科学技术—核能科学]