城市网络外部性如何促进新质生产力形成  

How Does the External Network Effect of Urban Areas Promote the Formation of New Quality Productive Forces

作　　者：皮亚彬 梁力恒 Pi Yabin;Liang Liheng

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学经济学院,广州市510520 [2]广东工业大学数字经济与数据治理实验室,广州市510520

出　　处：《南方经济》2025年第2期97-117,共21页South China Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“产业关联与空间外溢双重视角下的区域产业结构演进及机制研究”(71903072)资助。

摘　　要：引领现代化产业体系建设的重要着力点之一是发展新质生产力。文章构建包含企业最优创新决策的空间均衡模型,考虑新质生产力具有规模报酬递增、知识密集度高、投资周期长等特征,揭示城市网络外部性如何通过影响市场可达性、技术可达性和金融服务可达性,促进城市新质生产力的形成。文章基于对国家市场监督管理总局的中国企业工商登记注册信息文本分析,构建城市层面的新兴产业和未来产业创业活动指标,系统地考察了城市网络外部性对新质生产力形成的影响。实证研究发现:城市网络外部性对新质生产力的形成有显著的正向影响,且处于东部地区、中小城市受到网络外部性的促进作用更显著。机制检验表明,提高城市间市场可达性、技术可达性和金融服务可达性是促进新质生产力形成的重要机制,且市场可达性对中小城市、技术可达性对低创新水平城市、金融服务可达性对低金融发展水平城市的新质生产力形成具有更显著的边际效应。文章的研究结论不仅阐述了城市网络外部性激励新质生产力形成的微观机制,也从建设国内统一大市场,推进城市间产品、知识和资金畅通共享的视角,为各级政府推动新质生产力加快形成提供了政策启示。One of the key focal points in spearheading the construction of a modern industrial system is the development of newquality productive forces.This article constructs a spatial equilibrium model that encapsulates the optimal innovation decisions of enterprises,taking into account the distinctive characteristics of new-quality productive forces,such as increasing returns to scale,high knowledge intensity,and lengthy investment cycles.Urban network externalities are posited to foster the formation of newquality productive forces by influencing the accessibility of markets,technology,and financial services.The model provides a nuanced framework for understanding how the interconnectedness of urban areas can create synergies that enhance the development of innovative and advanced productive capacities.It suggests that the ease of access to markets,the ability to leverage technological advancements,and the availability of financial support are critical factors that can significantly accelerate the growth of newquality productive forces within a city's economy.Drawing on the registration information of Chinese enterprises compiled by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce,this paper constructs an indicator of entrepreneurial activities in emerging industrial sectors and future industrial sectors at the city level to systematically investigate the impact of urban network externalities on the formation of new productive forces.Empirical research finds that urban network externalities have a significant positive effect on the formation of new productive forces.Heterogeneity tests reveal that urban characteristics such as geographical location and size difference have differential impacts on the promotion of urban network externalities,with cities in the eastern region and small-to-mediumsized cities experiencing more significant promotional effects.Delving deeper into the underlying mechanisms,the study's mechanism tests highlight the pivotal role of enhancing market accessibility,technological accessibility,an

关 键 词：网络外部性 新质生产力 市场可达性 技术可达性 金融服务可达性 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济]