利用光栅投影的耐火砖表面缺陷检测  

Refractory Brick Surface Defect Detection Using Grating Projection

作　　者：郑艳萍[1] 赵会敏 张瑞[1,2] 李成 ZHENG Yanping;ZHAO Huimin;ZHANG Rui;LI Cheng(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,He’nan Zhengzhou 450001,China;He’nan Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing,He’nan Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]河南省智能制造研究院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2025年第2期252-257,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：郑州市协同创新重大专项—高精度复杂型面金刚石制品关键技术开发及产业化(18XTZX12006)。

摘　　要：针对耐火砖表面的缺陷检测问题,提出了一种利用光栅投影轮廓术进行表面缺陷检测的方法。利用投影仪投影光栅图案到耐火砖表面,工业相机采集投影在耐火砖表面的光栅投影图像并采用六步相移法对其进行解码,获得包裹相位。利用三频外差法进行相位展开并消除跳变误差,得到绝对相位;再利用缺陷处绝对相位的异常变化,对绝对相位进行求梯度的计算得到缺陷边缘;对图像进行形态学处理,准确的识别表面缺陷。实验结果表明:将光栅投影轮廓术与图像处理相结合的方法,可以准确地、高效地检测出耐火砖表面的缺陷,能很好地满足对耐火砖表面多种缺陷的检测要求。Aiming at the problem of defect detection on the surface of refractory bricks,a method of surface defect detection using grating projection profilometry is proposed.A projector is used to project the grating pattern onto the surface of the refractory brick,and the industrial camera collects the grating projection image projected on the surface of the refractory brick and decodes it using a six-step phase shift method to obtain the package phase.The three-frequency heterodyne method is employed to expand the phase and eliminate the jumping error and obtain the absolute phase.Then,the gradient of obtained absolute phase is calculated using the abnormal change at the defect to and obtain the defect edge,and perform morphological post-processing on the image to accurately identify surface defects.The experimental results show that the method of combining grating projection profilometry and image processing can accurately and efficiently detect the defects on the surface of refractory bricks,and can well meet the re⁃quirements for detecting multiple defects on the surface of refractory bricks.

关 键 词：耐火砖 缺陷检测 光栅投影轮廓术 六步相移 三频外差 图像处理 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH-39