喀斯特地区特有珍稀药用植物地枫皮种子发芽特性  

The germination characteristics of the seeds of the unique and rare medicinal plant of Illicium difengpi in karst region

作　　者：陈硕 邓丽丽 蒋忠林 熊忠臣[2] 蒋运生[2] 韦霄[2] 史艳财 CHEN Shuo;DENG Li-li;JIANG Zhong-lin;XIONG Zhong-chen;JIANG Yun-sheng;WEI Xiao;SHI Yan-cai(College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Quanzhou County Forestry Bureau,Quanzhou 541503,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [2]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006 [3]全州县林业局,广西全州541503

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2025年第1期75-80,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家林业和草原局重点研发项目(GLM[2021]037号)。

摘　　要：以地枫皮(Illicium difengpi B. N. Chang)种子为材料,探讨地枫皮种子的发芽特性及最适萌发环境,测定种仁重、种壳重等相关指标,研究不同浸种时间(0、1、2、3、4、5 d)、不同基质含水量(30%、50%、70%)、不同播种深度(0、1、2、3、4 cm)、不同光照条件(全黑、自然光)、不同土壤基质(沙土、肥土、黄土、混合土、珍珠岩)、不同赤霉素打破休眠处理(共9个组合)对地枫皮种子发芽的影响。结果表明,地枫皮种子长宽比接近1.5∶1,种仁重/种壳重平均为2.40;浸种4 d及基质含水量为70%时种子发芽率皆为该条件下最高;播种深度1 cm时发芽率最高;浸种时间、播种深度、光照、播种基质及赤霉素打破休眠处理均显著影响种子的发芽率。在黑暗条件下,将浸泡4 d的经过打破休眠处理(在浓度为100 mg/L的赤霉素中浸泡12 h时取出进行30 h的层积处理之后再于100 mg/L赤霉素中浸泡12 h)的种子播于珍珠岩基质中,播种深度以1 cm为宜,使基质含水量维持在70%,可有效提高其发芽率。Using Illicium difengpi B.N.Chang seeds as materials,the germination characteristics and the optimal germination environ-ment of Illicium difengpi seeds were investigated,and the seed kernel weight and the seed shell weight were determined.The effects of different soaking time(0,1,2,3,4,5 d),different water content of substrate(30%,50%,70%)and different sowing depth(0,1,2,3,4 cm),different light conditions(all black,natural light),different soil substrates(sandy soil,fertilized soil,loess,mixed soil,perlite),and different gibberellins breaking dormancy treatments(a total of 9 combinations)on the germination of Illicium di-fengpi seeds were studied.The results showed that the length-to-width ratio of Illicium difengpi seeds was close to 1.5∶1,and the aver-age ratio of seed kernel weight to seed shell weight was 2.40.The germination rate was highest when seeds were soaked for 4 days and the water content of substrate was 70%.The germination rate was highest at a sowing depth of 1 cm.Soaking time,sowing depth,light-ing,sowing substrate,and gibberellin treatment to break dormancy all significantly affected the germination rate of seeds.Under dark conditions,seeds soaked for 4 days and treated with gibberellin to break dormancy(soaked in 100 mg/L gibberellin for 12 hours,re-moved for 30 hours of stratification treatment,and then soaked in 100 mg/L gibberellin for another 12 hours)were sown in perlite sub-strate at a depth of 1 cm,maintaining a substrate water content of 70%,which could effectively improve their germination rate.

关 键 词：地枫皮(Illicium difengpi B.N.Chang)种子 萌发特性 发芽率 喀斯特地区 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]