天然岩沥青及其改性沥青研究进展  

Research progress of natural rock asphalt and modified asphalt

作　　者：邱川 赵奕安 陈刚 呙润华[2] QIU Chuan;ZHAO Yi an;CHEN Gang;GUO Runhua(Beijing Gonglian Jieda Highway Maintenance Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100160,China;Department of Civil Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京公联洁达公路养护工程有限公司,北京100160 [2]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《四川建材》2025年第2期1-4,9,共5页Sichuan Building Materials

基　　金：北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司重点科技项目(A2023-002)。

摘　　要：随着交通量与交通荷载的增大,社会对道路路用性能和环境友好性的需求不断提升,天然岩沥青因其储量丰富、性能优越与经济低碳的特征备受研究者关注。首先通过Citespace软件对近30年相关中英文文献分类统计,进行可视化分析与关键词中心性分析,得出岩沥青改性沥青发展历程研究特点;然后从天然岩沥青四组分角度进行研究汇总,发现天然岩沥青中各组分含量因产地不同而有较大的差异,但沥青质含量均比普通道路石油沥青丰富;现有文献对多种岩沥青改性沥青性能的研究结果表明,改性沥青的高温性能、抗老化性与抗疲劳性能得到提升,但低温性能略有下降;从分子角度与胶体理论进行机理分析,发现改性未发生化学变化,岩沥青中的碱性矿物和丰富的沥青质含量在改性沥青性能提升中起到了积极作用;最后,针对天然岩沥青被用作改性剂的应用瓶颈问题提出岩沥青液态化系统研究的未来展望,以期为今后道路工程材料的发展提供新思路。With the increase in traffic volume and load,society's demand for road performance and environmental friendliness is constantly rising.Natural rock asphalt,due to its abundant reserves,superior performance,and economic and low-carbon characteristics,has attracted significant attention from researchers.Firstly,using Citespace software,a visual analysis and keyword centrality analysis of relevant Chinese and English literature over the past thirty years were conducted.This analysis highlights the development characteristics of rock asphalt-modified asphalt.Subsequently,a comprehensive study was conducted from the perspective of the four components of natural rock asphalt,revealing significant variations in the content of these components based on their geographical origins,although the content of asphaltenes in natural rock asphalt is consistently higher than that in conventional petroleum asphalt used in roads.Existing literature indicates that the high-temperature performance,aging resistance,and fatigue resistance of modified asphalt have been enhanced,although its low-temperature performance has slightly declined.Mechanistic analysis from a molecular perspective and colloidal theory reveals that no chemical changes occur during modification;the basic minerals and the rich asphaltene content in rock asphalt play a positive role in enhancing the performance of modified asphalt.Finally,addressing the application bottlenecks of natural rock asphalt as a modifier,future research directions on the liquefaction system of rock asphalt are proposed,aiming to provide new insights for the development of road engineering materials.

关 键 词：道路工程 天然岩沥青 改性沥青 改性性能 岩沥青液态化 

分 类 号：U414[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]