东部湖区典型湖泊浮游植物群落变化规律及驱动因子  

Change Patterns and Driving Factors of Phytoplankton Communities in Typical Lakes in the Eastern Lake Region

作　　者：刘杰 邓建明[1,2] 蔡永久 龚志军[1,2] 汤祥明 LIU Jie;DENG Jian-ming;CAI Yong-jiu;GONG Zhi-jun;TANG Xiang-ming(State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《环境科学》2025年第2期877-888,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3202004);国家自然科学基金项目(42220104010);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20220041);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所青年科学家小组项目(E1SL002)。

摘　　要：东部湖区是我国湖泊富营养化程度最严重、受人类活动影响最强的湖区.近年来该湖区众多湖泊中浮游植物大量增殖,水华频发,针对区域尺度上湖泊浮游植物群落长期变化的驱动机制及空间差异仍不清楚.其中,太湖、洪泽湖和骆马湖地处长江经济带兼具调蓄、饮用水及灌溉等重要生态功能,受人类活动影响较大,是东部湖区典型的湖泊.利用2016~2021年水文气象数据、水体理化指标数据和浮游植物生物量数据,基于冗余分析,将层次分割和变差分解相结合,研究这3个典型湖泊浮游植物群落变化规律,并识别主要驱动因子.结果表明,东部湖区典型湖泊间的气候背景长期变化趋势基本一致,但其自身营养盐、浮游植物群落及环境驱动因素存在差异.太湖、洪泽湖和骆马湖浮游植物优势门类和优势属差异显著;以水深为主要表征的湖泊特征是导致典型湖泊间各季节浮游植物群落空间差异的最主要驱动因子(春、夏、秋和冬的解释率分别为:46.32%、30.79%、26.92%和35.80%,下同),但次主要驱动因子存在季节差异,其中,春季次主要驱动因子为电导率(13.48%)和总氮(12.74%),夏季次主要驱动因子为总磷(19.02%)和电导率(14.71%),秋季次主要驱动因子为总磷(19.43%)和溶解性总氮(15.86%),冬季次主要驱动因子为总磷(23.53%)和日最低温度(14.91%).量化不同驱动因子的贡献对今后开展湖泊富营养化治理和制定相应政策等均有重要意义.The Eastern Lake Region is the most eutrophic in China and is most affected by human activities.In recent years,phytoplankton have proliferated in most lakes in the lake region,with the frequent occurrence of water blooms,and the driving mechanisms and spatial differences for long-term changes in the phytoplankton community of lakes at the regional scale remain unclear.Among them,Lake Taihu,Lake Hongze,and Lake Luoma are located in the Yangtze River Economic Zone and have important ecological functions such as storage,drinking water,and irrigation.They are greatly affected by human activities and are typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region.We used hydro-meteorological data,physical and chemical index data,and phytoplankton biomass data from 2016 to 2021 to study the phytoplankton community changes in typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region based on redundancy analysis and combined hierarchical partitioning and variance decomposition to identify the main drivers of phytoplankton community changes.The results showed that the long-term trends of climate background were generally consistent among typical lakes in the Eastern Lake Region,but their nutrients,phytoplankton community,and environmental driving factors were different.The dominant phytoplankton phyla and genera in Lake Taihu,Lake Hongze,and Lake Luoma were significantly different.The lake characteristic,mainly characterized by water depth,was the main driving factor that led to spatial differences in phytoplankton communities among typical lakes in different seasons.The explanatory rates of water depth in spring,summer,autumn,and winter were 46.32%,30.79%,26.92%,and 35.80%,respectively.However,the secondary driving factors had seasonal differences.Among them,in spring,the secondary driving factors were conductivity(13.48%) and total nitrogen(12.74%).In summer,the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus(19.02%) and conductivity(14.71%).In autumn,the secondary driving factors were total phosphorus(19.43%) and dissolved total nitrogen(15.86%).In wint

关 键 词：东部湖区 典型湖泊 浮游植物群落 驱动因子 季节差异 空间差异 富营养化 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]