地方性法规“另有规定除外”式法条的规范化设置  

The Standardized Formulation of“Unless Otherwise Provided”Clauses in Local Regulations

作　　者：王翔 Wang Xiang

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2025年第1期81-95,共15页Law and Social Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“法典化与中国特色社会主义法律体系的完善研究”(24&ZD127)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“另有规定除外”式法条广泛存在于各类规范形式中,在地方性法规领域,合法性要求和规范化需求尤为显著。由于地方性法规受到地方立法权限的形式约束,不具备变通上位法的特殊权限,因此在地方性法规中设置“另有规定除外”式法条存在诸多亟待厘清的规范化前提。在立法实践中,依据被引用规范的范围,此类法条呈现出三种类型。若未能规范化设置“另有规定除外”式法条,则会引发三个合法性问题,即超越地方立法权限、规范内容衔接偏差以及混淆法的效力关系。根据类型化的法源理论,可以厘定设置“另有规定除外”式法条的形式理据、内容理据和目的理据,据此建立专门适用于此类法条的规范化设置要件。首先,被引用规范的法源层级应不低于地方性法规;其次,“另有规定除外”式法条的调整事项应当在被引用规范的文义射程内;最后,“另有规定除外”式法条的适用效果应是法定效力关系的具体化。Although the“unless otherwise provided”clauses widely exists in various norms,their legality and standardization requirements are particularly significant in the local regulations.Due to the formal constraints of the authority of local legislation,local regulations do not have the special authority to adapt to higher-level laws.Therefore,there are many normative prerequisites that urgently need to be clarified for the establishment of the“unless otherwise provided”clauses.There are three types of these clauses in local regulations.Without standardization of these clauses,they may cause three types of legal problems:ultra vires legislation of local regulations,deviation in the cohesion of regulations and confusion of effective relationship of laws.According to the typological theory of legal sources,the form,content,and purpose of setting up these clauses can be determined,and based on this,standardized setting requirements specifically applicable to them can be established.Firstly,the level of cited norms should not be lower than that of local regulations.Secondly,the matters of“unless otherwise provided”clauses should be within the literal range of the cited norms.Lastly,the effect of the application of these clauses should be the concretization of legal effectiveness relationships.

关 键 词：地方性法规 “另有规定除外”式法条 合法性 规范化 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]