老年人权利保障模式的重构--基于对权利主体观念的反思  

Reconstruction of the Model for Protecting Elderly Rights:Based on the Reconsideration of the Conception of Subjects of Rights

作　　者：张玉洁 Zhang Yujie

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学行政法学院

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2025年第1期136-149,共14页Law and Social Development

摘　　要：当前,在应对人口老龄化问题的老年人权利例外保障模式中,老年人这一群体往往被视为权利话语中的“他者”。这落入了西方现代权利理论理性权利主体预设的陷阱。部分老年人的理性和权利实现能力存在衰退趋势,使得分享这一预设的老年人权利例外保障模式只能就老年人权利进行宣告式保障。想要突破老年人权利保障困境,一个重要途径或许是反思和重构现代权利理论,将老年人视为权利主体的核心之一,并对现代权利理论所关注的自主和利益作出积极保障和扶助实现。Currently,in the exceptional protection model for the rights of the elderly in response to population aging,this group is often seen as“the other”in the discourse of rights.This falls into the trap set by the presumption of the rational subject of rights in Western modern theories of rights.There is a declining trend in the rationality and ability to realize rights of some elderly people,which makes the exceptional protection model that shares this presumption only a declarative protection of the rights of the elderly.An important way to break through the dilemma of protecting the rights of the elderly may be to reflect on and reconstruct the modern theories of rights,regarding the lacking-of-rationality elderly as the core of right-holders,and actively protect and assist the realization of the autonomy and interests that modern theories of rights focus on.

关 键 词：现代权利理论 老年人权利 弱势群体 消极权利 发展权 

分 类 号：D923.8[政治法律—民商法学]