新一轮农地确权与农业生产效率——基于农业新质生产力的视角  

The New Round of Rural Land Titling and Agricultural Productivity: A Perspective Based on theNew Quality of Productive Forces

作　　者：高廷明 郭云南[1] GAO Tingming;GUO Yunnan(School of International Trade and Economics,University of International Business and Economics)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院

出　　处：《金融市场研究》2025年第2期50-66,共17页Financial Market Research

摘　　要：本文基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)项目28个省份390个村庄在2011—2018年的四轮农户调查数据,考察了新一轮农地确权政策对农业生产效率的影响及作用机制。我们利用双向固定效应估计、事件研究法,以及倾向得分匹配基础上的双重差分法(PSM-DID)进行检验的结果表明,农地确权政策对农业生产效率有显著的提高作用。相比于未确权村庄,确权村庄的农户的亩均收入将提高15.7个百分点,且这一影响至少在短期内存在一个持续效应。同时,修正的事件研究法、按照确权时间的分组检验以及安慰剂检验也都证实了农地确权对农业生产效率提升有显著的促进作用。关于作用机制的讨论表明,新一轮农地确权之所以能显著提高农业生产效率,可能的解释为农地确权政策确保了土地承包关系的稳定性,使得农户更愿意在农地生产方面进行有机肥和机械化等长期投资,从而提高了农业生产效率。因此尽管农地确权从试点到全面推广的实施期限还不太长,但政策效果已从促进农业投资过渡到了改善农业生产效率。This paper examines the impact and mechanism of the new round of rural land titling on land efficiency since 2009.It is based on data from four rounds of farmer surveys from 2011 to 2018 covering 390 villages in 28 provinces and conducted under the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)project.The results of two-way fixed-effect estimation,event study estimation and difference-in-differences estimation based on propensity scores(PSM-DID)show that the new round land titling program has had a significant effect on land efficiency.Compared with the villages without land titling,the average income per mu in the villages with land titling increased by about 15.7 percentage points.In addition,the revision of the event study method,the grouping test according to the time of land titling,and the placebo test have also confirmed this.Further mechanism discussion shows that a possible explanation is that the new land titling program ensures the stability of the land contract relationship,making farmers more willing to make long-term investments,such as in organic fertilizer and mechanization in farmland production,to improve land efficiency.Therefore,although the implementation period of this new round rural land titling from pilot to comprehensive promotion is not particularly long,the policy effect has transitioned from promoting land investment to improving land efficiency.

关 键 词：新一轮农地确权 农业生产效率 农业投资 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]