官话方言知庄章组读音类型及演变的三个阶段  

The Type of Pronunciation and Three Stages of Historical Evolution of Zhizhuangzhang(知庄章)Group Initials in Mandarind Dialect

作　　者：石慧[1] SHI Hui

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院,江苏东南京210097

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2025年第1期14-29,126,共17页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：陕西社会科学基金年度项目“关中方言和汴洛方言音韵比较研究”(2023K007)。

摘　　要：文章将官话方言知庄章组的读音归纳为五种主要分合类型,据五种分合类型的历史来源及演变,可将官话方言知庄章组的历时演变归纳为三个阶段:1)中唐以后庄组三等字在南北音出现i介音脱落与保留两种演变方向,进而形成宋元时期南北音知庄章组两种分合模式;2)元以后北音进一步演变为合一型,开口知二庄与知三章对立型,知二庄与知三章对立型;南音演变为庄组二分型,以上四种类型基本奠定了现代官话方言知庄章组的读音;3)明清以后部分方言在以上四种类型基础上演变为新的类型,如开合口对立型。此外,知庄章组的历时演变一定程度反映了官话方言的亲疏关系以及近代官话的分化情况。According to the literature and geographical distribution,Zhizhuangzhang(知庄章)group initials can be classified into five subtypes.Its historical evolution takes three stages as below:After the middle Tang Dynasty there are two directions of evolution about medial-i-of the zhuang(主)initial group with the 3rd division,and then formed two kinds of patterns of zhizhuangzhang(知庄章)group initials in the northern and southern sounds.After Yuan Dynasty,zhi/zhuang/zhang initials of northern sounds evolved into an integrative type,an opposition one and a differentiation.After the Ming and Qing Dynasties,some Mandarin dialects evolved into an opposition.

关 键 词：官话方言 知庄章组 近代官话 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]