2020—2023年河南省50岁及以上人群3种非免疫规划疫苗接种现状分析  

Analysis of non-immunization program vaccine coverage among people aged 50 years and older in Henan Province from 2020 to 2023

作　　者：路明霞[1] 李致远 牛乾 王长双[1] 马雅婷[1] 王燕[1] 张明瑜[1] 白祎然 欧柳阳 张延炀[1] LU Mingxia;LI Zhiyuan;NIU Qian;WANG Changshuang;MA Yating;WANG Yan;ZHANG Mingyu;BAI Yiran;OU Liuyang;ZHANG Yanyang(Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,China;School of Public Health,Southeast University)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,郑州450016 [2]东南大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2025年第1期19-23,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(242102311109);河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20230635)。

摘　　要：目的分析2020—2023年河南省50岁及以上人群流感疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗(简称肺炎疫苗)、带状疱疹疫苗的接种水平及变化趋势,为提高老年人群疫苗覆盖率提供参考依据。方法通过河南省免疫规划信息管理系统,收集全省50岁及以上常住居民接种个案,整理2020—2023年流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗和带状疱疹疫苗接种信息,对该人群3种疫苗接种情况进行描述性分析。结果2020—2023年河南省50岁及以上人群流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗、带状疱疹疫苗的年平均接种剂次分别是1008144、99744和21444剂次,年平均接种率分别是3.00%、0.30%、0.06%。50~<55岁年龄组流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗年平均接种率分别是1.10%、0.14%,≥70岁年平均接种率分别为5.53%、0.44%。3种疫苗9—12月接种剂次占全年接种剂次的比例分别是90.65%、78.96%、36.72%。以市为单位,新乡市流感疫苗年平均接种率最高(9.27%),郑州市肺炎疫苗和带状疱疹疫苗年平均接种率最高,分别为0.59%和0.38%。结论河南省50岁及以上人群非免疫规划疫苗接种率仍处于较低水平,但2020—2023年总体呈逐年上升趋势。流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗在50岁及以上人群的接种率随年龄增加而增加,3种疫苗接种情况在不同地市间差异较大。建议探索医防融合新模式,加强社区宣传和临床医生推荐力度,提升公众疫苗认知和接种意愿,促进50岁及以上人群疫苗接种工作。Objective To assess the vaccination status and trends for influenza,pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccines among individuals aged 50 years and older in Henan Province from 2020 to 2023,so as to provide data support for evaluating and enhancing the vaccination coverage within this demographic.Methods Data on permanent residents aged 50 years and older were extracted from the Information Management System.Vaccination records for influenza,pneumonia,and herpes zoster vaccines from 2020 to 2023 was analyzed to describe the current status of these three non-immunization program vaccines for the elderly population.Results From 2020 to 2023,the annual average doses of influenza,pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccines administrate to individuals aged 50 and older in Henan Province were 1008144,99744,and 21444 doses,respectively.The corresponding annual average vaccination rates were 3.00%,0.30%,and 0.06%.Within the age groups,the50-<55 years old had an average annual vaccination rate of 1.10%for influenza and,0.14%for pneumonia,while those aged 70and above had rates of 5.53%and 0.44%respectively.The proportion of vaccines administrated within the optimal 9 to 12months period was 90.65%for influenza,78.96%for pneumococcal,and 36.72%for herps zoster vaccines.Regionally,Xinxiang City reported the highest average annual vaccination rates for influenza vaccine(9.27%).Zhengzhou City reported the highest average annual vaccination rates for pneumococcal(0.59%)and zoster herps(0.38%).Conclusions Although the non-immunization program vaccination rates for individuals aged 50 years and older in Henan Province remains relatively low,but there is a positive upward trend from 2020 to 2023.Vaccination rates for influenza and pneumonia increase with age.There is significant reginal variation in the administration of the three non-immunization program vaccines.It is suggested to explore new models of medical prevention integration,to strengthen community promotion and clinical recommendations,to increase public awareness and willingnes

关 键 词：流感疫苗 肺炎疫苗 带状疱疹疫苗 中老年人 非免疫规划疫苗 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]