相关多样化、企业动态与城市制造业生产率  

Related Variety,Firm Dynamics and Total Factor Productivity of Urban Manufacturing

作　　者：孙瑞东 王兵[1] Sun Ruidong;Wang Bing(Yangtze Industrial Development Institute of Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]南京大学长江产业发展研究院

出　　处：《应用经济学评论》2024年第4期83-108,共26页THE APPLIED ECONOMICS REVIEW

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“虚拟集聚对城市创新的影响研究:基于认知邻近视角”(72103080)的资助。

摘　　要：在城市经济发展过程中,集聚经济因其对技术进步和规模经济的积极作用,成为提高制造业全要素生产率水平、优化城市生产空间的重要推动力。在有关集聚外部性本身及其生产率效应研究仍需要进一步细化和深入研究的背景下,本文着重考察相关多样化这种特殊形式的集聚外部性,基于“新”新经济地理框架,纳入异质性企业进入退出的动态效应,刻画了城市制造业相关多样化对制造业生产率影响的理论机制。进一步使用中国工业企业微观数据、基于“产品空间理论”测算了中国城市制造业相关多样化指数并对理论假说展开实证检验。结果表明,相关多样化对城市制造业具有积极作用,其促进作用不仅来源于共享、学习、匹配的集聚外部性,也来源于对异质性企业新生和退出的动态影响。本文可为优化城市产业空间布局、提升城市制造业生产率提供决策参考。Spatial agglomeration of manufacturing industrieshas become an important driving force in improving the total factor productivity of the manufacturing sector,as well as optimizing urban production space.Agglomeration is important to urban economic development because of its positive role in technological progress and scale economies.Because of its im-portance,further research is needed on agglomeration externalities and their effects on produc-tivity.This paper focuses on“related variety”as a type of agglomeration externality.We use the“product space theory”method to measure the related diversification index of China's urban manufacturing.Based on the“new economic geography”,we describe the impact mechanism of urban related variety on manufacturing productivity.Based on the“product space theory”,we use micro-data on Chinese industrial enterprises to measure the relevant variety index of China's urban manufacturing industry.The results show that related variety has a positive effect on the productivity of urban manufacturing industry.Its effect in promoting productivity is due not only to the agglomeration externalities of sharing,learning and matching,but also to its impact on the dynamics of the entry and exit of heterogeneous firms.

关 键 词：相关多样化 企业动态 城市制造业 全要素生产率 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]