早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者症状特征潜在剖面分析及生命质量研究  

Potential profile analysis of symptoms and quality of life of patients with early breast cancer undergoing postoperative chemotherapy

作　　者：铁万琴 张曦 潘璐 陈思羽 许洋 陈雪丰 Tie Wanqin;Zhang Xi;Pan Lu;Chen Siyu;Xu Yang;Chen Xuefeng(School of Nursing,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;Nursing Department,Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital,General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学护理学院,银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学总医院心脑血管病医院护理部,银川750004

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2025年第5期332-339,共8页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BEG03082);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03582)。

摘　　要：目的探讨早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者症状特征的潜在类别,分析不同类别患者的症状差异,并根据不同类别比较其生命质量,以期为早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者症状的精准性干预管理提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法于2023年1—6月选取宁夏医科大学总医院就诊的240例早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、记忆症状评估量表、癌症治疗功能评估表-乳腺癌对其进行横断面调查。采用Mplus 8.3进行潜在剖面分析并识别早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者症状特征的潜在类别,使用二元Logistic回归分析确定症状特征的影响因素,SPSS 26.0软件比较不同类别早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者在生命质量得分上的差异。结果最终回收有效问卷233份,233例早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者年龄为(50.85±8.09)岁,早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者存在"低症状困扰组"(159例占68.2%)和"高症状困扰组"(74例占31.8%)2个潜在类别,"高症状困扰组"生命质量总分为(76.84±13.15)分,低于"低症状困扰组"的(89.56±11.29)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.18,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,有经济负担的早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者归属于高症状困扰组的概率较大[OR(95%CI)为3.028(1.434~6.394),P<0.01],夜间睡眠情况较满意的早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者归属于低症状困扰组的概率较大[OR(95%CI)为0.446(0.217~0.920),P<0.05]。结论早期乳腺癌术后化疗患者的症状特征存在人群异质性,经济负担、夜间睡眠情况是乳腺癌患者症状困扰类别的影响因素,提示医护人员应根据不同类别的人群特征给予以患者需求为中心的个体化、有针对性的干预措施,减轻症状负担,提高其生命质量。ObjectiveTo explore the potential categories of symptom characteristics of early breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy,analyze the differences of symptoms among different categories of patients,and compare their quality of life according to different categories.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study.From January to June 2023,240 patients with early breast cancer who received chemotherapy after surgery in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were selected by convenience sampling.They were investigated by general information questionnaire,Memory Symptom Assessment Scale,and Functional Assessment of Caner Therapy-Breast Cancer.Mplus 8.3 was used to carry out potential profile analysis and identify the potential categories of symptom characteristics of early breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of symptom characteristics.SPSS 26.0 software was used to compare the differences in quality of life scores of patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy for different categories of early breast cancer.ResultsTotally 233 valid questionnaires were ultimately collected,with an age of 50.85±8.09.There were two potential categories of postoperative chemotherapy patients with early breast cancer:low symptom troubled group(159 cases,68.2%)and high symptom troubled group(74 cases,31.8%).The quality of life score of the high symptom distress group was(76.84±13.15)points,which was significantly lower than(89.56±11.29)points of the low symptom distress group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=7.18,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with early breast cancer who had financial burden after postoperative chemotherapy were more likely to belong to the group with high symptoms[OR(95%CI)was 3.028(1.434-6.394),P<0.01].Postoperative chemotherapy patients with early breast cancer who had satisfactory sleep at night are more likely to belong to the group with low s

关 键 词：生活质量 早期乳腺癌 术后化疗 潜在剖面分析 影响因素 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]