活动星系核吸积盘上恒星级黑洞吸积和动力学演化  

Accretion and dynamical evolutions of stellar mass black holes in active galactic nucleus disks

作　　者：李亚平 Ya-Ping Li(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030

出　　处：《科学通报》2025年第3期387-397,共11页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12373070);上海市自然科学基金(23ZR1473700)资助。

摘　　要：活动星系核吸积盘上恒星级双黑洞并合提供了一个独特的LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA引力波源.伴随着超重双黑洞并合事例的发现,这一动力学渠道受到越来越多的重视.但这一渠道如何能促进双黑洞在吸积盘上并合以及其有何独特性,仍是一个值得深入研究的热门课题.为了更好回答这一问题,需要借助于多维度的流体数值模拟.本文首先回顾活动星系核这一渠道的独特性,然后介绍基于流体数值模拟研究吸积盘上双黑洞形成、单(双)黑洞吸积、双黑洞演化等方面的工作,最后介绍本领域仍然存在的重要问题和研究方向.The merging of stellar-mass binary black holes within active galactic nucleus(AGN)accretion disks,referred to as the“AGN channel”,offers a distinctive dynamical pathway for gravitational wave sources detected by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA.Stellar-mass black holes within AGN disks can form either through gravitational instability in the outer regions of the disks or via dynamical capture from the nuclear star cluster.These black holes,when they experience close encounters facilitated by the surrounding gas,can form binary black holes embedded in the AGN disks.The dense gaseous environment surrounding the embedded binary black hole in this channel can lead to significantly more massive merger events with detectable electromagnetic signatures.The discovery of the heaviest binary black hole merger event,GW 190521,within the mass gap regime and its potential electromagnetic counterparts,exemplifies a candidate for the AGN channel.However,the dynamical evolution and accretion processes of binary black holes in AGN disks remain largely unresolved due to the complex multi-scale physical processes involved.To understand this dynamical channel and the accretion processes of the binary black hole,multi-dimensional numerical simulations have been conducted.Drawing from the experience of numerical simulations of planet-disk interactions in protoplanetary disks,recent significant progress has been made in understanding the accretion,formation,and evolution of binary black holes in AGN disks.The accretion of embedded black holes is influenced by both the angular momentum supply from the background shear flow of the AGN disk and the tidal torque exerted by the embedded black hole on the global disk,which can lead to the formation of minidisks around the embedded black holes.Due to the differential rotation of the background flow and gap opening by the binary,accretion onto binary black holes differs significantly from classical Bondi accretion.Although the accretion rate is considerably suppressed compared to Bondi accretion,it still

关 键 词：引力波 吸积盘 活动星系核 双黑洞 流体动力学 

分 类 号：P145.8[天文地球—天体物理]