中国城市的公路可达性水平测度与时空变化  

Estimation and Evolution of Urban Road Accessibility in Chinese Mainland

作　　者：冯俊新[1,2] 李墨寒 李时宇[3,4] FENG Junxin;LI Mohan;LI Shiyu(School of Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;National Academy of Development and Strategy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Finance,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;China Financial Policy Research Center,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院,北京100872 [3]中国人民大学财政金融学院,北京100872 [4]中国人民大学中国财政金融政策研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《经济地理》2024年第12期12-21,71,共11页Economic Geography

基　　金：中国人民大学研究品牌计划基础研究(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)项目成果(16XNI003)。

摘　　要：文章以中国城市可达性为研究对象,以公路网数据为基础,构建了3种衡量时间可达性的指标,并根据指标的经济地理含义,从不同角度分析了1980—2019年中国334个城市的公路可达性特征和演变规律。研究发现:①1980—2019年各城市的地理可达性均值从47.60 h缩短至17.92 h。其中,旅行距离缩短和旅行速度加快的贡献率分别为8.7%和91.3%。②地理可达性和整体经济可达性2个指标的分布特征均呈现以中部地区为中心的“核心—外围”特征;不同时期这2种可达性改善最快的地区,跟整体经济增长潜力增加较大的地区呈现出一致性,但可达性最优区域的具体分布与经济发达区域的分布存在较大差异。③区域经济可达性的分布特征显示,具备该可达性优势的地区位于东部沿海地区的带状区域和多个分散的内陆区域,其分布基本上跟各地区的经济发达区域重合。研究结果说明,在分析公路交通网络对经济地理格局的影响时,需根据分析的目的来选择适宜的可达性指标。This study establishes three road accessibility indicators based on the road network data in Chinese mainland,and analyzes the spatial characteristics and evolution of the road accessibility in 334 cities of China from 1980 to 2019.The results show that:1)From 1980 to 2019,the average value of geographic accessibility decreased from 47.60 hours to 17.92 hours.Thereinto,the reduction in average travel distance contributed 8.7%,while the increase in average travel speed contributed 91.3%.2)The geographic accessibility and the overall economic accessibility both show a"coreperiphery"feature,and the regions with fastest improvement in the above two indicators coincide with the regions with high economic growth potential.However,the highest road accessibility regions are not the most developed regions.3)The regional economic accessibility shows that cities with advanced accessibility locate in a belt-like regions along the eastern coastal region and disperse in inland region.Regions with superior regional economic accessibility mostly overlap with the most economic developed areas.Therefore,it is necessary to choose different indicators to analyze the impact of road transportation network on the economy.

关 键 词：公路交通网络 地理可达性 整体经济可达性 运输经济半径 区域经济可达性 中国 

分 类 号：F542[经济管理—产业经济]