肝硬化患者营养影响症状的检出现状及影响因素分析  

Detection status and influencing factors of nutrition impact symptoms in patients with liver cirrhosis

作　　者：刘雪伟 章新琼[1] 黄敏[3] 荆卉 韩莹莹 鲁玲 Liu Xuewei;Zhang Xinqiong;Huang Min;Jing Hui;Han Yingying;Lu Ling(School of Nursing,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Department of Infectious Diseases,No.2 People's Hospital of Fuyang City,Fuyang 236000,China;Nursing Department,No.2 People's Hospital of Fuyang City,Fuyang 236000,China;Department of Infectious Diseases,Fuyang People's Hospital,Fuyang 236000,China;Department of Infectious Diseases,Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Fuyang 236000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学护理学院,合肥230032 [2]阜阳市第二人民医院感染科,阜阳236000 [3]阜阳市第二人民医院护理部,阜阳236000 [4]阜阳市第一人民医院感染科,阜阳236000 [5]安徽医科大学附属阜阳医院感染科,阜阳236000

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2025年第5期677-682,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的了解肝硬化患者营养影响症状现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,于2022年11月—2023年11月选取安徽省阜阳市3所三级甲等医院的肝硬化住院患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、进食症状问卷(ESQ)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对研究对象进行调查。采用二项Logistic回归分析探讨肝硬化患者营养影响症状的影响因素。结果共发放问卷394份,回收有效问卷384份,问卷有效回收率为97.5%。384例肝硬化患者中,存在至少1种营养影响症状的患者274例(71.4%);存在至少1种中至重度营养影响症状的患者166例(43.2%)。患者自述最常见的营养影响症状包括口干、味觉改变、腹胀。二项Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、肝硬化分期、总胆红素、应对方式和社会支持是肝硬化患者营养影响症状的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论肝硬化患者的营养影响症状的检出率较高,医护人员可通过引导患者采取积极应对方式、帮助提升社会支持水平等方式缓解中重度营养影响症状。ObjectiveTo explore the current status of nutrition impact symptoms in patients with liver cirrhosis and to explore its influencing factors.MethodsConvenience sampling was used to select liver cirrhosis inpatients from three ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in Fuyang City,Anhui Province,from November 2022 to November 2023 for the study.General Information Questionnaire,Eating Symptoms Questionnaire(ESQ),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ)were used to investigate the participants.Binary Logistic regression was used to explore the factors that influence nutrition-impact symptoms in liver cirrhotic patients.ResultsA total of 394 questionnaires were distributed,and 384 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 97.5%.Of the 384 patients with liver cirrhosis,274 patients(71.4%)had at least one nutrition impact symptom,and 166 patients(43.2%)had at least one moderate-to-severe nutrition impact symptom.Patients'most common nutrition impact symptoms include dry mouth,altered taste,and bloating.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age,liver cirrhosis stage,total bilirubin,coping styles,and social support were the influencing factors of nutrition impact symptoms in patients with liver cirrhosis,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).ConclusionsThe detection rate of nutrition impact symptoms in patients with liver cirrhosis is high.Healthcare professionals can alleviate moderate-to-severe nutrition impact symptoms by guiding patients to adopt positive coping styles and helping to improve social support.

关 键 词：肝硬化 营养影响症状 影响因素 不悦症状理论 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]