孕前超重的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇再次妊娠体重管理意愿的质性研究  

A qualitative study of the intention to manage repregnancy body quality in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus who were overweight before pregnancy

作　　者：张伟 苗春昱[2] 张宏[3] ZHANG Wei;MIAO Chunyu;ZHANG Hong(Department 3 of Convalescence,Qingdao Navy Special Service Recuperation Center,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China;Medical Insurance Office,Qingdao Municipal Hospital,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China;Department of Reproductive Medicine,East Hospital of Qingdao Municipal Hospital,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]海军青岛特勤疗养中心疗养三科,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛市市立医院本部医保办,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛市市立医院东院生殖医学科,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2025年第3期264-268,273,共6页Journal of Nurses Training

基　　金：青岛市医药卫生科研计划项目(编号:2021-WJZD252)。

摘　　要：目的了解孕前超重的妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)孕妇再次妊娠体重管理的原因。方法采用目的抽样法,于2024年1—3月选取青岛市市立医院东院收治的11例再次妊娠孕前超重的GDM孕妇,采用现象学研究法进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法分析资料并提炼主题。结果归纳为3个主题和10个亚主题:严重性(感知到GDM近期并发症的风险、感知到GDM远期并发症的风险、感知到体重控制不佳需药物治疗的风险、感知到体重控制不佳需住院治疗的风险);易感性(感知到饮食不规范的风险、感知到运动不规律的风险);有益性(感知到饮食控制的益处、感知到运动干预的益处、感知到药物治疗的益处和必要性、感知到规律门诊随访的益处)。结论护士可从疾病严重性及体重管理不良行为的风险意识方面对GDM孕妇进行健康教育,促进孕妇对体重管理的认识,从而改变其体重管理的动机。Objective To explore the causes of repregnancy body quality management in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)who are overweight before pregnancy hereinafter referred to as“GDM pregnant women”.Methods 11 GDM pregnant women who were overweight before pregnancy admitted to the East Hospital of Qingdao Municipal Hospital in Qingdao from January to March 2024 were selected as the research objects using the purpose sampling method,and were conducted a semi-structure interview with the phenomenological research method,the data and themes were analyzed by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results It was summarized into 3 themes and 10 sub-themes:Severity(perceived risk of near-term complications of GDM,perceived risk of long-term complications of GDM,perceived risk of poor body mass control requiring medication,and perceived risk of poor body mass control requiring hospitalization),susceptibility(perceived risk of poor diet and perceived risk of irregular exercise),beneficence(perceived benefit of diet control,perceived benefit of exercise intervention,perceived benefit and necessity of medication,and perceived benefit of regular outpatient follow-up).Conclusion Nurses can provide health education to GDM pregnant women from the aspects of disease severity and risk awareness of poor body quality management behaviors,promote pregnant women's awareness of body quality management,so as to change their motivation of body quality management.

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 再次妊娠 体重管理 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学] R714.25[医药卫生—临床医学]