直肠癌保肛术患者肠道症状体验质性研究的Meta整合  

A Meta-synthesis of qualitative research on bowel symptoms experience in patients with rectal cancer undergoing sphincter-preserving surgery

作　　者：庞雪滢 胡少华[1] 王婷[1] 周鹏 何莲娣 桂方方 PANG Xueying;HU Shaohua;WANG Ting;ZHOU Peng;HE Liandi;GUI Fangfang(The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230022,Anhui,China;School of Nursing,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院,安徽合肥230022 [2]安徽医科大学护理学院,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2025年第3期302-310,共9页Journal of Nurses Training

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究项目(编号:KJ2021ZD0020)。

摘　　要：目的系统评价和整合直肠癌保肛术患者肠道症状的真实体验,为更好地管理肠道症状提供参考。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Science Direct、CINAHL数据库中关于直肠癌保肛术患者肠道症状体验的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2023年10月23日。使用英国牛津大学循证医学中心文献质量评价项目评价纳入的文献,采用汇集性整合方法对结果进行分析。结果共纳入14篇文献,提炼出44个研究结果,将相似的结果归纳为10个新类别,整合成3个结果:保肛术患者肠道症状体验差;保肛术患者采取应对肠道症状的策略;保肛术患者面对肠道症状存在的信息和情感需求突出。结论直肠癌保肛术后的肠道症状给患者带来较大的身心困扰,在与症状共存过程中患者通过观察与自我调节,采取不同的应对策略,不断积累自我管理经验,但仍感到知识及情感方面的支持不足,医护人员应加强对直肠癌患者术后肠道症状的重视,针对患者自我管理中的薄弱环节,进一步完善干预策略,为患者提供支持性护理,提高其自我管理能力。Objective To systematically evaluate and integrate the real experience of bowel symptoms in patients with rectal cancer undergoing sphincter-preserving surgery,in oder to provide reference for better management of bowel symptoms.Methods The qualitative studies on the experience of bowel symptoms in patients with rectal cancer undergoing sphincter-preserving surgery were searched by computer in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,EMbase,Web of Science,Science Direct,and CINAHL,and retreval time were from inception to October 23,2023.The included publications were appraised with Oxford critical appraisal skill program for quality inspection,and the results were analyzed by pooled integration method.Results A total of 14 studies were included,44 results were extracted,and similar results were summarized into 10 new categories and synthesized into 3 integrated results:Poor experience of bowel symptoms in sphincter-preserving surgery patients;Strategies adopted by sphincter-preserving surgery patients to cope with bowel symptoms;The prominent information and emotional needs of sphincter-preserving surgery patients in the face of bowel symptoms.Conclusion The bowel symptoms bring significant physical and mental distress to patients with rectal cancer after sphincter-preserving surgery,and during the coexistence process with symptoms,patients adopt different coping strategies through observation and self-regulation,continuously accumulate self-management experience,but still feel insufficient support in terms of knowledge and emotions.Medical staff should strengthen their attention to bowel symptoms of patients with rectal cancer after sphincter-preserving surgery,further improve intervention strategies for weak links in the patient's self-management,and provide supportive care for patients,and improve their self-management skills.

关 键 词：直肠癌 保肛术 肠道症状 质性研究 系统评价 meta整合 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学] R735.3[医药卫生—临床医学]