死亡危机与重生信仰——《马尔特手记》中的人文精神辨析  

Death Crisis and Rebirth Faith:Analysis of the Humanistic Spirit in The Malt's Handbook

作　　者：王叁汕 WANG Sanshan(College of Literature,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学文学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《惠州学院学报》2025年第1期81-87,共7页Journal of Huizhou University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BZW162)。

摘　　要：《马尔特手记》是里尔克创作生涯中比较独特的一部作品,文体介于小说与散文之间,以日记体的方式围绕着丹麦青年马尔特的异乡生活、回忆漫游、宗教思索等经历展开叙述。作品开篇便抛出“死亡”问题,奠定了整部小说的死亡叙事的基调,由此引发出来的西方现代主义文学“死亡之问”与众多现代主义文学作品形成呼应,共同反映了西方现代人普遍的心理状态和人文反思。死亡危机的背景下,小说呈现出来的精神虚无和异化现象成为西方现代社会的表征,而马尔特却奋起反抗,以“爱与信仰”达到“向死而生”的效果,是下一阶段西方人本主义思潮的昭示,其文本内容的独特性和思想性不容忽视。The Malte'sHandbookis a unique work in Rilke's creative career,with a literary style between fiction and prose.It revolves around the experiences of Danish youth Malte's life in a foreign land,memories of wandering,religious contemplation,and other experiences to start the narrative.At the beginning of the work,the question of"death"is raised,which sets the tone of the death narrative in the whole novel.The"question of death"in Western modernist literature thus triggered echoes with many modernist literary works,reflecting the general psychological state and humanistic reflections of the Western modern people.The"question of death"triggered by this is echoed in many modernist literary works,reflecting the general psychological state and humanistic reflection of modern Westerners.Against the background of the death crisis,the novel presents the phenomenon of spiritual emptiness and alienation,which has become a symptom of modern Western society,but Malte rises up against it and achieves the effect of"living to the death"with"love and faith",which is a sign of the next stage of the western humanistic trend.The uniqueness and thoughtfulness of the text cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：《马尔特手记》 里尔克 现代主义文学 死亡 人文精神 

分 类 号：I521.074[文学—其他各国文学]