淬火介质对Fe-Cr-B-C耐磨合金显微组织和强韧性的影响  

Effect of quenching medium on the microstructure and strength-toughness of Fe-Cr-B-C wear-resistant alloy

作　　者：王楚今 于镇铭 赵广迪 王茜雯心 杜磊 常渼鑫 周亚豪 荆百荣 WANG Chujin;YU Zhenming;ZHAO Guangdi;WANG Qianwenxin;DU Lei;CHANG Meixin;ZHOU Yahao;JING Bairong(School of Materials and Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《辽宁科技大学学报》2024年第5期321-329,387,共10页Journal of University of Science and Technology Liaoning

基　　金：2024年辽宁科技大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410146046);辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目-面上项目(JYTMS20230943)。

摘　　要：Fe-Cr-B-C合金是一种新型铁基耐磨材料,具有成本低和易加工等优点,正在逐步替代高铬耐磨合金,应用潜力巨大。本文研究了淬火介质对该合金显微组织、硬度和冲击韧性的影响,为进一步提高其耐磨性提供参考。结果表明,在淬火保温过程中初生(Fe,Cr)_(2)(B,C)部分溶解并断网,同时析出大量二次碳化物/碳硼化物(Ⅰ类),导致经3种介质淬火后洛氏硬度均较铸态显著下降,而冲击韧性明显提高。在空淬和油淬过程中,弥散析出了更加细小的球状二次碳化物/碳硼化物(Ⅱ类),且空淬过程析出的更多、更粗大,但水淬的冷速过快,抑制了这类二次相的析出。这导致空淬的洛氏硬度居中,为(46.4±2.6)HRC,冲击韧性最佳,冲击功为(5.12±0.26)J;油淬的洛氏硬度最低,为(44.3±1.6)HRC,冲击韧性居中,冲击功为(4.23±0.18)J;水淬的洛氏硬度最高,为(53.7±2.0)HRC,冲击韧性最差,冲击功为(4.0±0.21)J。Fe-Cr-B-C alloy is a new iron-based wear-resistant material with advantages such as low cost and easy processing.It is gradually replacing the high-chromium wear-resistant alloys and has great potential for application.In this study,the effect of quenching medium on the microstructure,hardness,and impact toughness of the alloy were investigated with the aim of providing reference for further improving its wear resistance.The results show that during the insulation process before quenching,the primary network(Fe,Cr)_(2)(B,C)was partially dissolved and diminished,and small secondary carbides/carbon-borides(type I)were precipitated,which leads to the much lower Rockwell hardnesses and higher impact toughnesses for the alloy quenched in these three media compared to the as-cast state.In the processes of air quenching and oil quenching,finer spherical secondary carbides/carbon-borides(type II)were precipitated dispersedly in the matrix,and the size and amount of these secondary phases precipitated during air quenching were greater.But the rapid cooling of water quenching inhibited the precipitation of secondary carbides/carbon-borides(type II).Therefore,the air quenched alloy possesses a moderate Rockwell hardness of(46.4±2.6)HRC and the best impact toughness of(5.12±0.26)J;the oil quenched alloy possesses the lowest Rockwell hardness of(44.3±1.6)HRC and moderate impact toughness of(4.23±0.18)J;the water quenched alloy possesses the highest Rockwell hardness of(53.7±2.0)HRC and the lowest impact toughness of(4.0±0.21)J.

关 键 词：耐磨合金 淬火介质 显微组织 硬度 冲击韧性 

分 类 号：TG113.1[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]