低龄老年人参与志愿养老服务意愿与行为问卷的编制及信效度检验  

Development and Reliability and Validity of a Questionnaire on the Willingness and Behavior of Young-old's Participation in Voluntary Care Services

作　　者：何莹 林璐[1,2] 李惠玲[1,2] 杨凤巧[2] 吴茵[1,2] HE Ying;LIN Lu;LI Huiling;YANG Fengqiao;WU Yin(The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu,215006,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第一医院,江苏苏州215006 [2]苏州大学护理学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2025年第1期108-112,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72074164)。

摘　　要：目的编制低龄老年人参与志愿养老服务意愿与行为问卷,并验证其信效度。方法以计划行为理论为框架,通过查阅文献、质性访谈和专家函询形成问卷初稿,采用便利抽样法,于2022年5-11月选取江苏省苏州市低龄老年人进行问卷调查,检验问卷信效度。结果最终形成的正式问卷包括5个维度、23个条目。探索性因子分析提取5个公因子,累计方差贡献率为73.172%;验证性因子分析显示,拟合优度的卡方检验与自由度的比值为1.798,拟合优度指数为0.907,调整拟合优度指数为0.880,比较拟合指数为0.968,增值适配指数为0.968,近似误差均方根为0.051;问卷总Cronbach'sα系数为0.919,折半信度为0.787。结论该低龄老年人参与志愿养老服务的意愿与行为问卷具有良好的信效度,可作为低龄老年人参与志愿养老服务意愿与行为的测量工具。Objective To develop a questionnaire on the willingness and behavior of the young-old's participation in voluntary care services and to verify its reliability and validity.Methods Utilizing the theoretical framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior,a preliminary questionnaire was developed through a comprehensive review of literature,in conjunction with qualitative interviews and expert consultation.The validity and reliability of the questionnaire will be assessed through a survey of the young-old in Suzhou city,Jiangsu province.The survey used a conve-nience sampling method and was conducted from May to November2022.Results The questionnaire included 5 dimensions and 23 items.The exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 73.172%;the confirmatory factor analysis,the chi-square test of goodness-of-fit to degrees of freedom was 1.798,the goodness-of-fit index was 0.907,the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.880,the comparative fit index was 0.968,the value-added fitness index was 0.968,and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.051.The overall Cronbach'sαcoefficient of the questionnaire was 0.919,and the fold-half reliability was 0.787.Conclusion The questionnaire on the willingness and behavior of the young-old to participate in voluntary care services developed in this study has good reliability and validity,which can be used as an assessment tool for willingness and behavior of the young-old in voluntary eldercare services.

关 键 词：计划行为理论 低龄老年人 志愿养老服务 意愿 行为 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]