AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)的合成、热稳定性及其对固体推进剂成药性能的影响  

Preparation and thermal stability of AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)and its effect on curing property of solid propellant

作　　者：付爽 李斌[2] 郭翔 胡翔[1,2] 王业腾 徐星星[2] 骆晓冬 周水平[1,2] FU Shuang;LI Bin;GUO Xiang;HU Xiang;WANG Yeteng;XU Xingxing;LUO Xiaodong;ZHOU Shuiping(National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Chemical Power,Xiangyang 441003,China;Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology,Xiangyang 441003,China)

机构地区：[1]航天化学能源全国重点实验室,襄阳441003 [2]湖北航天化学技术研究所,襄阳441003

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2025年第1期56-61,共6页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21975066)。

摘　　要：三氢化铝(AlH_(3))是一种高效金属储氢材料,但因其热不稳定释氢问题,直接使用会导致固体推进剂产生裂纹和气孔,恶化推进剂性能。针对AlH_(3)热不稳定释氢问题,提出一种表面无机包覆处理提高AlH_(3)热稳定的新方法,即采用氟化镍(NiF_(2))分散液为无机表面处理剂,通过NiF_(2)与AlH_(3)表面的Al(OH)_(3)、Al_(2)O_(3)等反应,在AlH_(3)表面原位形成致密无机壳层结构,制备出表面无机包覆的AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、原子光谱(ICP)等对AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)材料形貌及组成进行了表征;通过TG-DSC及真空热安定仪(VST)测试验证了表面包覆处理后材料的热稳定性。结果表明,AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)材料表面形成均匀含氟和镍化合物,表面Ni含量最多可达3%左右;AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)热分解温度比AlH_(3)提高3℃,50℃下10 d释氢率则由0.133%最低降低至0.046%;加入AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)的推进剂药块气孔明显减少,成药性能明显提升。Aluminum hydride(AlH_(3))is an efficient hydrogen storage material and has significant application potential in solid propellant.Because of its inherent thermal instability and hydrogen desorption,directly applying AlH_(3)into solid propellant would deteriorate the performance of propellant.Aiming at the problem of thermally unstable hydrogen release of AlH_(3),a new method of surface inorganic coating treatment to improve the thermal stability of AlH_(3)was proposed.In this method,nickel fluoride(NiF_(2))dispersion was used as inorganic surface treatment agent,and then AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)material with surface inorganic coating was prepared through the reaction of NiF_(2)with Al(OH)_(3)and Al_(2)O_(3)on the surface of AlH_(3)to form a dense inorganic core-shell structure in situ on the surface of AlH_(3).The morphology and composition of AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)were characterized thoroughly by SEM,XPS,ICP analysis methods,and the thermal stability was demonstrated by means of TG-DSC and VST analysis methods.The results show that the fluoride and nickel compounds exist on the AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)surface layer,and Ni content can reach 3%;the thermal decomposition temperature of AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)increase by 3℃compared to AlH_(3),and the hydrogen desorption reduces from 0.133%to 0.046%at 50℃for 10 days.Moreover,the porosity of propellant block with AlH_(3)@NiF_(2)is obviously reduced,and the curing property of propellant is obviously improved.

关 键 词：三氢化铝 释氢 表面包覆 热稳定性 推进剂性能 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]