云南鲁甸Ms6.5级地震震后滑坡的时空分异特征  

Spatio-temporal differentiation of landslide after the Ms6.5 Ludian earthquake in Yunnan Province

作　　者：字汝芬 刘佳佳 王宇鸿 段平[1] 李佳[1] ZI Rufen;LIU Jiajia;WANG Yuhong;DUAN Ping;LI Jia(Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China;China Energy Engineering Group Yunnan Electric Power Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China;College of Geosciences and Engineering,West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences,Dali,Yunnan 671009,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,云南昆明650500 [2]中国能源建设集团云南省电力设计院有限公司,云南昆明650051 [3]滇西应用技术大学地球科学与工程学院,云南大理671009

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2025年第1期73-83,共11页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41961061);“兴滇英才支持计划”项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-048,YNWR-QNBJ-2020-103);云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项(202101BA070001-075)。

摘　　要：2014年8月3日云南鲁甸发生的Ms6.5级地震触发了大量滑坡,受强烈地震触发的滑坡震后恢复速度慢、恢复难度大且具有扩大复发的可能,会对道路、水体、生态环境造成长期影响,因此,探究其长时间时空分异具有必要性。以受地震影响的314 km2为研究区域,首先基于ENVI深度学习方法提取震后滑坡并编制其多时相数据清单,在此基础上,从滑坡时空分布特征、滑坡时空面积变化特征以及滑坡活动演化进行时空分异分析。结果表明:(1)地震后,滑坡数量和面积急剧增加,在随后的8 a时间内,总体呈现逐渐减少趋势,地震触发滑坡以面积小于0.01 km2的小型滑坡为主,集中分布于河谷两侧,同时距震中2000 m、地震烈度Ⅸ级范围内分布较为明显;(2)随时间推移,震后滑坡活动率总体表现为逐渐减弱趋势,截至2022年7月,地震触发滑坡只有6.08%的滑坡仍处于活动状态,表明地震对滑坡的影响已经逐渐减弱;(3)地震后滑坡的活动演化可以分为3个阶段:滑坡强活动期(2014年8月—2016年7月)、中等活动期(2016年8月—2021年8月)、弱活动期(2021年9月—2022年7月)。A large number of landslides were triggered by the Ms6.5 magnitude earthquake that occurred in Ludian,Yunnan Province,on August 3,2014.Landslides triggered by strong earthquakes exhibit slow post-earthquake recovery,high recovery difficulty,and tend to recur and expand,which can have long-term impacts on roads,water bodies,and ecological environments.Therefore,it is necessary to explore their long-time spatial and temporal variability.Taking the 314 km2 area affected by the earthquake as the study area,post-earthquake landslides were first extracted and a multi-temporal data list was compiled using the ENVI deep learning method.Based on this,the spatial-temporal differentiation analysis was carried out focusing on the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of landslides,changes in spatio-temporal area,and the evolution of landslide activities.The results show that:(1)following the earthquake,the number and area of landslides increased dramatically,gradually decreasing over the subsequent 8 years.Earthquake-triggered landslides were primarily small-scale,with an area of less than 0.01 km2,concentrated on both sides of the river valley,and distributed more prominently within 2000 meters from the epicenter and within seismic intensityⅨ;(2)over time,the post-earthquake landslide activity rate generally showed a gradual weakening trend,with only 6.08%of the earthquake-triggered landslides still active as of July 2022,indicating a gradual weakening of the earthquake's impact on landslides;(3)the activity evolution of post-earthquake landslides can be divided into three phases:the period of strong landslide activity(August 2014-July 2016),the period of moderate activity(August 2016-August 2021),and the period of weak activity(September 2021-July 2022).

关 键 词：鲁甸地震 震后滑坡 时空分布 面积变化 演化特征 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]