气道廓清技术在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用效果  

Application effect of airway clearance techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

作　　者：赵庆云 李倩 ZHAO Qingyun;LI Qian(Department of Intensive Care Medicine,Sir Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属逸夫医院重症医学科,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《医药前沿》2025年第5期92-94,97,共4页Journal of Frontiers of Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察气道廓清技术在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月—2023年12月南京医科大学附属逸夫医院收治的50例COPD患者,采用盲摸双色球法均分为观察组和对照组各25例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用气道廓清技术进行护理。比较两组心理状态、自我护理能力、肺功能指标、排痰效果及生活质量。结果护理后,两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,两组自我护理能力量表(ESCA)、生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)各维度评分及第1秒用力呼气量(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量占所有呼气量的比例(FEV_(1)/FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量占预计值百分比(FEV_(1)%)均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组排痰总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论气道廓清技术能够有效减轻COPD患者焦虑、抑郁情绪,提升其自我护理能力和肺功能水平,改善排痰效果,提高生活质量。Objective To observe the effect of airway clearance techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods From January 2022 to December 2023,a total of 50 patients with COPD admitted to Sir Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were selected and divided into observation group and control group by blind touch double chromosphere method,with 25 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given airway clearance techniques on the basis of the control group.The psychological state,self-care ability,lung function index,expectoration effect and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results After nursing,the scores of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)in the two groups were lower than those before nursing,and those in the observation group were lower than the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of each dimension of Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale(ESCA)and Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74(GQOLI-74),the forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV_(1)),forced vital capacity(FVC),the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to all expiratory volume(FEV_(1)/FVC),and the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to the predicted value(FEV_(1)%)in the two groups were higher than those before nursing,and those in the observation group were higher than the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the total effective rate of expectoration in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Airway clearance techniques effectively reduce anxiety and depression,enhance self-care ability and pulmonary function,improve sputum clearance,and enhance the quality of life in COPD patients.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 气道廓清技术 心理状态 自我护理能力 肺功能 排痰效果 生活质量 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]