精神性履行利益损害赔偿的证成与规则构建  

Justification and Rule Construction of Compensation for Damages to Spiritual Interests

作　　者：洪国盛 Hong Guosheng

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际法学院

出　　处：《法学》2025年第1期122-139,共18页Law Science

基　　金：2024年中国法学会民法学研究会青年学者研究项目《精神性履行利益赔偿研究》(项目编号:2024MFXH012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：精神性履行利益对于促进人格发展和实现社会多元发展均有重要作用。但我国既有通说否定其可赔偿性,而少数说仅在例外情形下对此予以承认。既有学说在理论与实践层面均存有缺陷,有必要展开反思并重构相关分析框架。承认精神性履行利益与财产性履行利益受合同法的同等保护,既是尊重个体追求自我发展与偏好表达的法治要求,亦有助于提升相关商品与服务的市场配置效率,且符合《民法典》内在体系的要求。然而,在具体个案中,当事人能否获得赔偿还会受到违约损害赔偿责任范围的限制。就此损害赔偿的责任范围,除可预见性规则外,尚需基于责任承担理论予以认定。因循责任承担理论的动态分析路径,从生产与消费两侧进行供需分析,并综合所提供的商品与服务的生产、经营模式与交易价格等因素,可完满处理各类涉精神性履行利益合同的赔偿问题。此外,通过博弈均衡分析,结合给付内容、给付目的、交易价款等因素,可得出违约方的赔偿责任仅为与合同价款成比例的限额赔偿之结论。The non-pecuniary benefit plays an important role in promoting personal development and achieving social diversity. However, the prevailing view denies its compensability in general, while a minority view recognizes it only in exceptional cases. Existing views have flaws at both theoretical and practical levels, necessitating reflection and reconstruction. Recognizing non-pecuniary benefits as being equally protected by contract law as pecuniary benefits is not only a legal requirement concerning individuals' pursuit of self-development and preference expression, but also helps improve the market allocation efficiency of related goods and services. This recognition is also consistent with the internal system of the Civil Code. However, in specific cases, whether the parties can receive compensation will still depend on the scope of liability. In determining the scope, besides foreseeability, it is also necessary to consider assumption of responsibility. Following a dynamic analysis path of assumption of responsibility, analyzing supply and demand from both production and consumption sides, and integrating factors such as business model and contract price, can effectively determine the compensation for non-pecuniary benefits. Moreover, through game theory equilibrium analysis, combining the subject and nature of the performance, its purpose, and contract price, it can be concluded that a capped compensation, proportionate to the contract price, is appropriate.

关 键 词：精神性履行利益 违约损害赔偿 责任承担理论 可预见性 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]