去溶剂绿色化合成金属有机骨架材料研究进展  

Research progress on solvent-free green synthesis of metal-organic frameworks

作　　者：赵文昊 王琪 王恺华 陈杨[1,2] 李晋平[1,2] 李立博[1,2] ZHAO Wenhao;WANG Qi;WANG Kaihua;CHEN Yang;LI Jinping;LI Libo(College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China;State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学与化工学院,山西太原030024 [2]太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《精细化工》2025年第2期267-278,共12页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(22278288);国家自然科学基金重大项目(22090062);山西省优秀青年基金项目(202203021224005)。

摘　　要：金属有机骨架(MOF)作为一类新型的晶态多孔材料,已被广泛用于催化、气体分离、传感和药物传递等领域,特别是在精细化工领域,具有极大的应用价值。该类材料得以工业化应用的前提是可以低成本、大规模地制备。然而,传统溶剂热法合成MOF需要消耗大量的有机溶剂,具有产量低、耗能大、废液处理难等缺点,不符合绿色化工发展的要求。绿色制备MOF的方法正逐渐向无溶剂化发展,以实现工业生产经济效益与环境效益的平衡发展。该文以MOF的去溶剂绿色化合成为主题,从少溶剂及绿色溶剂合成直到微量甚至无溶剂合成,先后综述了蒸汽相辅助合成、机械化学合成、无溶剂直接转化以及加速老化合成等策略,并评价不同方法的优缺点,指出实现规模化放大合成的必要性,最后展望了未来MOF投入大规模商业应用的发展前景。Metal-organic framework(MOF),a new type of crystalline porous material,has been widely explored and shows great application value in the fields of catalysis,gas separation,sensing,and drug delivery,especially in the field of fine chemicals.Its industrial application depends on its large-scale preparation at low cost.However,the traditional solvothermal synthesis method consumes loads of organic solvents,with the disadvantages of low output,high energy consumption and difficult waste liquid treatment,and does not meet the standard of green chemical industry development.The green preparation method of MOF is gradually moving towards solventless to achieve the balance between economic benefits and environmental benefits of industrial production.In this review,the solvent-free green synthesis of MOF was focused on,and the strategies of vapor-phase assisted synthesis,mechanochemical synthesis,solvent-free direct conversion,and accelerated aging synthesis,were reviewed ranging from less solvent and green solvent synthesis to trace or even solvent-free synthesis,with the advantages and disadvantages of each method analyzed.The necessity of achieving large-scale amplification synthesis was pointed out,and the development prospect of MOF in large-scale commercial applications in the future was discussed.

关 键 词：去溶剂制备 绿色合成 蒸汽相辅助 机械化学 加速老化 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]