多路径监测下的气体泄漏源识别定位方法研究  

Investigation of gas leakage source identification and localization method using multi-path concentration monitoring

作　　者：孟戈 胡浩 MENG Ge;HU Hao(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学土木工程与建筑学院,武汉430074 [2]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,武汉430071

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第2期674-684,共11页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：武汉工程大学第十五届研究生教育创新基金项目(CX2023344)。

摘　　要：危险气体泄漏极易引起严重的安全事故。开路式激光探测仪可以实现多条路径下的泄漏浓度监测,但无法实现对泄漏源进行精确定位。另外,有效的监测数据样本受外界环境、有效监测距离及泄漏源强度影响。因此,以露天的油气联合站场天然气泄漏为对象开展气体泄漏监测及反演定位研究。首先,采用高精度三维超声风速仪对站场进行气象监测并绘制风场羽流轮廓。接着,根据不同风场羽流数据,建立不同风场下的设备泄漏场概率。选取两个典型的泄漏源,并控制不同的泄漏流量。利用基于激光色散光谱技术的开路式激光甲烷探测仪在站场区域进行合理布设。通过建立的蒙特卡洛-贝叶斯反演定位模型对路径上气体泄漏体积分数数据进行处理,得到泄漏源的位置及量化泄漏强度。结果表明,基于泄漏场风险概率分布的监测布设方案在高、中、低不同体积分数下均能有效响应并且在2 m监测范围的监测数据样本更有参考性。在有效的监测数据样本基础上,计算出的泄漏源定位误差结果在2 m以内并且泄漏源强在相关置信区间内。通过对监测及定位结果进行分析,验证了本模型及方法的合理性,可解决多路径体积分数监测下“线”到“点”的定位问题,更好满足油气联合站场泄漏事故的监测和应急响应要求。The occurrence of a hazardous gas leak can lead to serious safety incidents.To tackle the challenge of accurately pinpointing the source of a leak using open-circuit laser detectors,this study conducts a case analysis of gas leakage monitoring and inverse localization at an open-air oil and gas combined station.The research focuses on this facility to investigate effective strategies for gas leak detection and source localization.A high-precision three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer is utilized to monitor meteorological conditions at the station site,aiming to delineate the wind field's plume contour.Based on the data obtained from this analysis,the likelihood of equipment leakage in various wind conditions is subsequently calculated.Based on the primary characteristics of leakage incidents,16 potential hazard sources at the oil and gas station site were identified.Using the aggregated probabilities of these leakage sources,two typical sources were selected for further analysis.Open-circuit laser methane detectors,utilizing laser dispersive spectroscopy technology,were strategically deployed in the station's field area.The Monte Carlo-Bayesian inverse localization model was utilized to analyze gas leakage concentration data along the path,enabling the identification of leakage source locations and the quantification of leakage intensity.The results indicate that the monitoring deployment strategy,grounded in the probability distribution of leakage risk,effectively addresses varying concentrations at high,medium,and low levels.Additionally,the monitoring data collected at the 2-meter range provides more informative insights.Analysis of valid samples indicates that the calculated errors in leak source location are within 2 meters,and the estimated leak source strength falls within an appropriate confidence interval.By analyzing and discussing the monitoring and localization results,we validate the reasonableness of the model and methodology.This demonstrates that the model effectively meets the requirements for

关 键 词：安全工程 油气联合站场 泄漏监测 开路式激光探测仪 反演定位 

分 类 号：X913[环境科学与工程—安全科学]