广西三个城市居民头发中11种重金属富集特征  

Accumulative characteristics of 11 heavy metals in the hair of residents from three cities in Guangxi

作　　者：游少鸿[1,2] 毛竣 俞果 于洪伟 刘杰 YOU Shaohong;MAO Jun;YU Guo;YU Hongwei;LIU Jie(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application of inorganic Materials,Guangxi Science&Technology Normal University,Laibin 546199,Guangxi,China;School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Treatment for Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Research Center of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [2]广西科技师范学院广西无机材料绿色制备与应用重点实验室,广西来宾546199 [3]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [4]桂林理工大学广西农业面源污染综合治理工程研究中心,广西桂林541006 [5]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第2期714-722,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52200189,52230006,52470181);广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFBA220055)。

摘　　要：研究采集了广西壮族自治区柳州、桂林和百色3个城市的72份居民头发样本。通过微波消解技术和电感耦合等离子体质谱(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry,ICP-MS)分析法,系统测定了头发中铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、钴(Co)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)、硒(Se)、锶(Sr)、镉(Cd)、锑(Sb)和铅(Pb)共11种重金属元素的质量比。研究旨在探究头发中重金属含量与个体的吸烟习惯、染发行为、性别、年龄以及居住时间的关联性,并运用相关性分析与主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)方法来识别广西3个地区居民头发中重金属的可能来源。研究结果显示,广西3个地区居民头发中的锰、铬、钴质量比高于大多数国内外研究中发现的质量比,提示可能存在潜在的重金属暴露风险;镍、铜、砷、硒、锶、镉、锑和铅的质量比相对较低。Pearson相关性分析和PCA结果揭示,广西3个地区居民头发中的重金属主要来源于矿业活动、自然环境、工业排放以及含重金属的农业用化学品。通过Mann-Whitney U检验和独立样本t检验进一步发现,女性头发中的钴、铬、镍、铜、铅、锶、镉的平均质量比显著高于男性(p<0.05),暗示女性可能面临更高的重金属暴露风险。此外,染发样本相较于未染发样本在镉质量比上有显著升高,而在铬和硒质量比上则相对较低;吸烟者与非吸烟者头发中的重金属质量比未发现统计学上的显著差异。This study collected 72 hair samples from residents in the Guangxi study area.The mass ratios of 11 metal and metalloid elements in the hair were determined using microwave digestion technology followed by analysis with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP MS).The elements were ranked in descending order of their mass ratios as follows:Cu,Pb,Cr,Mn,Sr,Ni,Co,Se,As,Cd,and Sb.Their average mass ratios were 10.484 mg/kg,2.986 mg/kg,2.169 mg/kg,2.127 mg/kg,1.769 mg/kg,0.650 mg/kg,0.278 mg/kg,0.237 mg/kg,0.086 mg/kg,0.071 mg/kg,and 0.029 mg/kg,respectively.The associations between heavy metal mass ratios in hair and individual factors such as smoking habits,hair dye usage,gender,age,and length of residence were examined using the Mann-Whitney U test,independent samples t-test,and one-way ANOVA.Additionally,correlation analysis and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)were conducted to identify potential sources of heavy metals in the hair of residents from the three Guangxi regions.The study results indicated that the mass ratios of Mn,Cr,and Co in the hair of residents from the three Guangxi regions were higher than those reported in most domestic and international studies,suggesting a potential risk of heavy metal exposure.In contrast,the mass ratios of Ni,Cu,As,Se,Sr,Cd,Sb,and Pb were relatively lower.Pearson correlation analysis and PCA revealed that the primary sources of heavy metals in the hair of residents from the three Guangxi regions were mining activities,the natural environment,industrial emissions,and agricultural chemicals containing heavy metals.The average mass ratios of Co,Cr,Ni,Cu,Pb,Sr,and Cd in women's hair were significantly higher than those in men(p<0.05),suggesting that women may face a potentially greater risk of heavy metal exposure.Furthermore,hair samples from individuals who dyed their hair exhibited a significant increase in Cd mass ratios compared to those who did not dye their hair,while the mass ratios of Cr and Se were relatively lower.No statistically significant differences i

关 键 词：环境工程学 重金属质量比 头发 性别 年龄 重金属富集特征 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]