滑动轴承对电子水泵振动与噪声的影响  

The influence of sliding bearing on the vibration and noise of electronic water pump

作　　者：周先辉[1] 邱玉江[1] 冯长虹 张洋 李昌非 ZHOU Xianhui;QIU Yujiang;FENG Changhong;ZHANG Yang;LI Changfei(School of Intelligent Manufacturing of Nanyang Institute of Technology,Nanyang 473006,China;Henan Feilong(Wuhu)Automotive Parts Co.,Ltd.,Wuhu 241000,China;BYD Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳理工学院智能制造学院,南阳473006 [2]河南飞龙(芜湖)汽车零部件有限公司,芜湖241000 [3]比亚迪汽车有限公司,西安710100

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2025年第2期138-143,160,共7页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：河南省研究性教学改革研究与实践项目(2023147);芜湖市重大科技成果工程化项目(2022ZC07);河南省创新型科技人才队伍建设工程资助项目(豫科人组[2017]6号);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(15A460008)。

摘　　要：滑动轴承是电子水泵的关键部件,直接影响着叶轮转子系统的稳定性。为将设计制造因素与电子水泵总成的振动与噪声特性相关联,有效实现减振降噪,针对一款小功率悬臂外转子电子水泵进行了有限元分析和试验研究,探究了滑动轴承参数对电子水泵振动与噪声特性的影响。结果表明,滑动轴承水膜刚度的大小影响电子水泵转子-芯轴相对摆动模态;与CF/PPS复合材料轴承相比,石墨轴承电子水泵有效减少了振动谱中的各阶次谐波分量,消除了叶片通过频率调制声;过大的轴颈偏心量易在低速工况下激起电子水泵转子-芯轴相对摆动模态,引发结构共振与噪声;减小轴承间隙可大大降低高速工况下电子水泵叶片通过频率振动,抑制转子-芯轴相对摆动模态结构噪声。Sliding bearing is the key component of electronic water pump which directly affects the stability of the impeller rotor system.In order to establish a connection between the design and manufacturing factors with the vibration and noise performance of the pump assembly and reduce the vibration and noise effectively,finite element analysis and experimental research were conducted based on a low-power cantilever external rotor electronic water pump to explore the influence of sliding bearing parameters on the vibration and noise characteristics of the electronic water pump.The results showed that the magnitude of the water film stiffness of the sliding bearing affected the existence of the relative swing mode between the pump rotor and the core shaft.Compared with CF/PPS composite material bearing,graphite bearing electronic water pump effectively reduced the various harmonic components in the vibration spectrum and eliminated the frequency modulation sound of blades.Excessive eccentricity of the shaft neck could easily trigger the pump rotor-core shaft relative swing mode under low-speed conditions,leading to structural resonance and noise.Reducing the clearance of the bearing could greatly reduce the frequency vibration of the water pump blades under high-speed conditions,and suppress the structural noise of the rotor-core shaft relative swing mode.

关 键 词：滑动轴承 电子水泵 振动与噪声 

分 类 号：TH3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U46[机械工程—车辆工程]