没有答案即是答案——阿斯塔菲耶夫对于生命“存在”意义的探索  

No answer is the answer——Astafyev’s Exploration of the Meaning of“Existence”in Life

作　　者：赵杨[1] Zhao Yang(School of Foreign Languages,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京大学外国语学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期39-47,共9页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“新俄罗斯小说的‘文化重建’与文学传统的关系研究”(22BWW027)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：阿斯塔菲耶夫从存在主义、本体论和自然哲学的视角在创作中为我们展现了自己的“生命哲学”,即关于生命万物均是自然之子的观念,因此他笔下的乡民以及一切自然生物在与大自然的融合中获得了跨越民族乃至时空的“存在”意义。作家对于生命之“存在”的主题探索,始终秉持敬畏、谨慎的态度,并未用语言来界定周遭这个无法捉摸的超经验现实,而是将其置于不可言明的状态,以此传达出事物的真实本质。阿斯塔菲耶夫创作中最深刻的哲学思想在于“没有答案即是答案”。人的使命在于置身于流动的“存在”中,提出问题,而后因找不到终极答案而沉思、而醒悟,这便是生命“存在”的意义。阿斯塔菲耶夫的这种哲学观念促使人们深入关注和思考“人与自然”的关系,堪称俄罗斯文学和哲学传统的又一个里程碑。As a writer,Astafyev presents his own“philosophy of life”from the perspectives of existentialism,ontology,and natural philosophy,showing that all living things are children of nature.Therefore,his portrayal of peasants and natural entities reveals a sense of“existence”that transcends ethnicity and time through their integration with nature.Astafyev explores the theme of“existence”in life with awe and caution,without using language to define the elusive super-empirical reality around him,and instead places it in an ineffable state to convey the essence of things.Astafyev's most profound philosophical idea in his creations is that no answer is the answer.The mission of human beings is to immerse themselves in the flowing“existence”,raise questions,and then contemplate and awaken because they fail to find the ultimate answer.This is the meaning of“existence”in life.Astafyev's philosophical thought urges a profound contemplation on the“humanity and nature”relationship,establishing another milestone in the literary and philosophical traditions of Russia.

关 键 词：生命哲学 自然之子 人与自然 “存在” 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]