腐殖质对黑龙江水生态状况的影响研究  

Analysis of the Influence of Humus on Aquatic Ecological Status of Heilongjiang River

作　　者：徐昨非 刘蕊 尹梦玉 李中宇 王佳龙[3] Xu Zuofei;Liu Rui;Yin Mengyu;Li Zhongyu;Wang Jialong(Ecological Environmental Monitoring Central Station of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150090,China;Ecological Environment Information and Public Relations Coordination Center of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150090,China;Institute of Microbiology Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150010,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省生态环境监测中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]黑龙江省生态环境信息与公共关系协调中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150010

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2025年第2期115-119,140,共6页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：通过对黑龙江萝北-抚远江段水质指标分析和底栖动物群落特征分析及评价,发现黑龙江水质呈现“三高三低”现象,利用地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838-2002)评价都劣于Ⅲ类水质标准,然而底栖动物群落物种丰富,优势物种符合黑龙江水生态特征,表征的水生态状况良好,基本保持原生态状况。通过对水体中腐殖质性质的讨论,认为腐殖质作为非生物成分是河流生态系统中生物赖以生存的基础,为底栖动物的生存和繁衍提供营养物质和栖息场所。在黑龙江的独特自然地理条件下,不宜将天然腐殖质视为面源污染物。Through the analysis of water quality indicators and the characteristics and evaluation of the zoobenthos community in the Heilongjiang River(Luobei-Fuyuan section),it was found that the water quality of the Heilongjiang River presents the phenomenon of“three highs and three lows”.Using the surface water environmental quality standards(GB 3838-2002)for evaluation,the water quality is worse than Class III standard.However,the zoobenthos community species are rich and the dominant species conform to the hydrological characteristics of the Heilongjiang River,indicating good water ecological conditions and a basic maintenance of the original ecological state.Through the discussion on the properties of humus substances in water bodies,it is believed that humus substances,as non-biological components,are the basis for the survival of organisms in river ecosystems and provide nutrients and habitats for benthic animals.Under the unique natural geographical conditions of the Heilongjiang River,it is not advisable to regard natural humus substances as non-point source pollutants.

关 键 词：腐殖质 黑龙江 底栖动物 高锰酸盐指数 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]