2023年度叶尔羌河流域生态输水效益评估  

Assessment of Ecological Water Transfer Benefits of Yarkand River Basin in 2023

作　　者：刘斌 LIU Bin(Xinjiang Tarim River Aksu Management Bureau,Aksu 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆塔里木河流阿克苏管理局,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《云南水力发电》2025年第2期5-8,共4页Yunnan Water Power

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技规划项目(2022DB023);新疆重点研发项目(2022B03024-1);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2023D01D18)。

摘　　要：文章基于水文数据、遥感监测、实地考察,从淹灌情况、地下水和土壤水响应、植被生长及生态环境质量的时空格局等方面,对2023年度叶尔羌河流域生态输水效益进行全面评估。结果表明:(1) 2023年度叶尔羌河流域生态输水累计1.035×10^(8) m^(3),输水完成度136%,淹灌面积达到27.30×10^(4)亩,淹灌影响范围38.01×10^(4)亩;(2)地下水储量增量最高可达33.03 mm,土壤水分条件改善、土壤湿润化发展,流域中旱区面积占比由13.45%增至60.54%,重旱区面积比例由85.34%减少至38.71%;(3)流域叶面积指数整体增强,植被生长趋势良好,促进了流域生态修复;(4)生态输水促使输水区生境状况整体好转,生态等级状况为优的区域面积占比增加明显,叶尔羌河RSEI由中等级向良、优等级转化。This article evaluates the ecological water conveyance benefits in the Yarkant River Basin for the year2023,based on hydrological data,remote sensing monitoring,and field surveys.It addresses aspects such as irrigation conditions,groundwater and soil water responses,vegetation growth,and the spatiotemporal patterns of environmental quality.The findings are as follows:(1) In 2023,the Yarkant River Basin achieved a total ecological water transfer of 103.5 million m^(3),which is 136%of the targeted water transfer,irrigating an area of 273,000 acres and affecting 380,100 acres.(2) The maximum increase in groundwater reserves was up to 33.03 mm;soil moisture conditions improved,contributing to soil moistening,with the area of moderately dry regions in the basin increasing from 13.45%to 60.54%,and the area of severely dry regions decreasing from 85.34%to 38.71%.(3) The leaf area index of the basin overall increased,indicating a positive vegetation growth trend and promoting ecological restoration of the watershed.(4) The ecological water transfer generally improved habitat conditions within the transfer area,with a notable increase in the proportion of areas classified as having excellent ecological status,and Yarkant River's Regional Spectral Environmental Index (RSEI) improved from a medium to a good and excellent rating.

关 键 词：生态输水 叶尔羌河 生态环境 

分 类 号：TV212.52[水利工程—水文学及水资源]