水稻根系细菌对干旱胁迫的响应  

Response of Rice Root Bacteria to Drought Stress

作　　者：郭官清 葛蕾 李鹏[2] 宋丽莉 马孝松[3] 毕俊国[3] 刘毅[3] 吴华伟[1] 王翠[2] GUO Guanqing;GE Lei;LI Peng;SONG Lili;MA Xiaosong;BI Junguo;LIU Yi;WU Huawei;WANG Cui(School of Life Sciences,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434023,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding,Biotechnology Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106,China;Shanghai Agricultural Biological Gene Center,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学生命科学学院,湖北荆州434023 [2]上海市农业科学院生物技术研究所,上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201106 [3]上海市农业生物基因中心,上海201106

出　　处：《土壤》2024年第6期1283-1293,共11页Soils

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023BBB045);荆州市2023年度科技计划项目(2023029);上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划项目(沪农科卓〔2022〕016)资助。

摘　　要：为探究不同耐旱程度的水稻在干旱胁迫下根际土壤细菌和根系内生细菌群落结构和功能的差异,以敏感型水稻E000038和耐旱型水稻E000039为研究对象,在水稻苗期采用盆栽控水法进行干旱胁迫,采用微生物16S rRNA高通量测序技术,对根际土壤细菌和根系内生细菌群落和功能多样性进行了分析。结果表明:①干旱胁迫下,E000038根系内生细菌群落的α多样性指数发生显著变化,但其根际土壤细菌群落α多样性指数无显著变化;干旱胁迫对E000039的根际土壤细菌和根系内生细菌群落的α多样性指数均无显著影响。②主坐标分析(PCoA)表明,E000038和E000039根际土壤细菌群落组成在干旱胁迫下均与正常灌溉下的细菌群落组成存在差异;且E000038根系内生细菌群落组成在干旱胁迫下与正常灌溉下也存在显著差异,而E000039在正常灌溉和干旱胁迫下根系内生细菌群落组成相似。③细菌群落组成结果表明,相比于正常灌溉,在干旱胁迫下E000038和E000039根际土壤细菌中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)相对丰度均显著增加,E000038根系内生细菌中假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)相对丰度显著下降,红球菌属(Rhodococcus)相对丰度显著上升;而E000038在正常灌溉和干旱胁迫下根系内生细菌优势菌群均为假单胞菌属,且相对丰度均高于98.0%。④细菌网络分析发现,干旱胁迫使E000038和E000039根际土壤细菌网络变得更加紧密,结构稳定性更弱。⑤根系内生菌群落功能预测分析发现,干旱胁迫下E000038中具有潜在抗旱功能酶和代谢通路的丰度显著低于E000039。综上所述,干旱胁迫显著影响了敏感型水稻E000038根际土壤细菌和根系内生细菌群落多样性,但对抗旱性水稻E000039的根际土壤细菌和根系内生细菌群落多样性无明显影响。In order to explore the differences in the community structures and functions of rhizosphere soil bacteria and root endophytic bacteria of rice with different drought tolerances under drought stress,the sensitive rice E000038 and the drought resistant rice E000039 were taken as the research objects,pot water control method was conducted for drought stress at the seedling stage of rice,and microbial 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the community and functional diversities of rhizosphere soil bacteria and root endophytic bacteria.The results showed that:1)Under drought stress,the diversity indexαof the endophytic bacterial community of E000038 changed significantly,butαof the rhizosphere soil bacterial community changed insignificantly;But drought stress had no significant effect onαof rhizosphere soil bacterial and root endophytic bacterial communities of E000039.2)Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)showed that the bacterial community compositions of E000038 and E000039 rhizosphere soil under drought stress were different from those under normal irrigation;The endophytic bacterial community composition of E000038 roots under drought stress was also significantly different from that under normal irrigation,while the endophytic bacterial community composition of E000039 roots under normal irrigation was similar to that under drought stress.3)Compared with normal irrigation,the relative abundance of Bacillus in E000038 and E000039 rhizosphere soil bacteria significantly increased under drought stress,the relative abundance of Pseudomonas in E000038 root endophytic bacteria significantly decreased while the relative abundance of Rhodococcus significantly increased;Under normal irrigation and drought stress,the dominant bacteria of E000038 was Pseudomonas with the relative abundance higher than 98.0%.4)Network analysis revealed that drought stress made the rhizosphere soil bacterial networks of E000038 and E000039 more compact and the structural stability weaker.5)The functional pre

关 键 词：水稻 干旱胁迫 抗旱性 根系内生细菌 根际土壤细菌 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]